Abstract
Mainly through trampling and manuring, ground-nesting seabirds induced significant habitat changes both on vegetation cover and soil in one of the largest French colonies of European Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus, Habitat deterioration led to a high level of erosion and the collapse of many former Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus burrows previously occupied by breeding Storm Petrels. The loss of burrows accelerated in recent years since Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo bred on the islet with growing numbers. The main consequence of this disturbance was at first shifting of breeding Storm Petrels from burrows to rocky sites, reflecting some behavioral plasticity to buffer environmental variability. But over 18 years, a significant decrease in breeding numbers of Storm Petrels was recorded and attributed to continuous nest site destruction. Thus, other behavioral responses were also suspected, such as temporary non-breeding or emigration of birds that have to find a new nest site. Such a problem of heavy erosion and loss of nesting habitat could induce serious detrimental effects on burrowing seabirds breeding in a limited number of colonies.
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Acknowledgments
This study was conducted on the Iroise National Nature Reserve, managed by the NGO Bretagne Vivante-SEPNB with financial support of the Conseil Général du Finistère, property owner of the reserve, and the Direction Régionale de l’Environnement (DIREN Bretagne; French ministry of environment). The study was funded by the Conseil Régional de Bretagne (Nature Contracts ‘breeding seabirds in Brittany’), by the Conseil Général du Finistère and by the EC Life Project ‘marine archipelagos and islets in Brittany’ (ref. LIFE Nature B4-3200/98/470). We are very grateful to Jean-Yves Le Gall and David Bourles, wardens of the Nature Reserve, as well as to the volunteers helping for fieldwork, to the previous observers for collecting data on seabirds since the 1960s, especially Jean-Yves Monnat and Jean-Pierre Cuillandre for their work on Storm Petrels, to Eric Vidal and Ian Mitchell for providing helpful comments on earlier draft of the manuscript and to the latter for checking the English, and also to two anonymous referees who reviewed our manuscript and provided constructive criticism.
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Cadiou, B., Bioret, F. & Chenesseau, D. Response of breeding European Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicus to habitat change. J Ornithol 151, 317–327 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-009-0458-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-009-0458-3