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Investigations on the role of cuticular wax in resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine

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Abstract

Cuticular wax on the plant epidermis inhibits or enhances prepenetration events of powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schwein). We examined the role of cuticular leaf and berry waxes as a resistance mechanism in four grapevine genotypes (Italia × Mercan-174, Gürcü, Isabella, Özer Karası) resistant to powdery mildew after natural infection and inoculation. To understand cuticular wax properties, we determined the amount of wax and antifungal effects of thin layer chromatography (TLC) fractions from cuticular leaf and berry waxes, then assessed the chemical composition of fractions with different antifungal activities using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Susceptible genotypes Cabernet Sauvignon and Italia were used for comparison. Resistant and sensitive genotypes did not differ significantly in the total amount of wax on leaves and berries; however, 27 fatty acids, 26 alkanes, 6 terpenes, 4 indole derivatives and 4 ketones, and 3 amides, 3 phenols and 3 steroids were detected in fractions with high antifungal activity (≥75% inhibition of germination) in leaf and/or berry cuticular waxes of resistant genotypes only. These compounds may be evaluated as markers for powdery mildew resistance during genotype selection in a grapevine breeding program.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Research Fund of Namık Kemal University (Project Number NKUBAP.00.24.AR.14.26) for their support, Central Research Laboratory (NABILTEM-NKU) for using GC/MS. The authors are also grateful to Martha Rowe (University of Nebraska-Lincoln) for improving the language and for useful remarks.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey

    Nuray Özer

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey

    Temine Şabudak

  3. Viticultural Research Institute, Tekirdağ, Turkey

    Cengiz Özer

  4. Mycology and Biotechnology Group, Institute for Plant Production Sciences, Agroscope, Nyon, Switzerland

    Katia Gindro & Sylvain Schnee

  5. Directorate of Provincial Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Tekirdağ, Turkey

    Erhan Solak

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  1. Nuray Özer
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  2. Temine Şabudak
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  3. Cengiz Özer
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  4. Katia Gindro
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  5. Sylvain Schnee
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  6. Erhan Solak
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Correspondence to Nuray Özer.

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Özer, N., Şabudak, T., Özer, C. et al. Investigations on the role of cuticular wax in resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine. J Gen Plant Pathol 83, 316–328 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-017-0728-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-017-0728-5

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