Skip to main content
Log in

Nanotechnology applications and intellectual property rights in agriculture

  • Review
  • Published:
Environmental Chemistry Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Nanotechnology research uses specific properties of materials at the nanoscale to develop improved materials, devices, systems and therapeutics. There is a risk of overlapping patent claims and lack of distinction between nano-based and traditional patents due to the interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology. There is an increasing trend of granted patents. The World Intellectual Property Organization and World Health Organization, regulatory and policy bodies, are working to make a comprehensive property right regulation for nanotechnology products. The USA, the leader of nanotechnology products, has made guidelines to make patent search easier for nano-based products. The European Patent Office has also created a new classification for nano-based inventions. Here we review the status of intellectual property rights protection of nanomaterial, environmental implications and application of nanotechnology in agriculture.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anjali CH, Sharma Y, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N (2012) Neem oil (Azadirachta indica) nanoemlsion—a potent larvicidal agent against Culex quinquefasciatus. Pest Manag Sci 68(2):158–163. doi:10.1002/ps.2233

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aouada FA, de Moura MR (2015) Nanotechnology applied in agriculture: controlled release of agrochemicals. In: Rai M, Ribeiro C, Mattoso L, Duran N (eds) Nanotechnologies in food and agriculture. Springer, Cham, pp 103–118. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14024-7_5

    Google Scholar 

  • Barpujari I (2010) The patent regime and nanotechnology: issues and challenges. J Intellect Prop Rights 15:206–213

    Google Scholar 

  • Baruah S, Dutta J (2009) Nanotechnology applications in pollution sensing and degradation in agriculture: a review. Environ Chem Lett 7(3):191–204. doi:10.1007/s10311-009-0228-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhati M, Kumar SR, Bansal P (2015) Nanotechnology application in water sector from the beginning to end of the value chain: an Indian perspective. ISTIP Policy Bulletin No. 6. http://ifwn.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Nanotechnology-Application-in-Water-Sector-NISTADS-report.pdf

  • Bucheli T (2014) Agricultural applications of nanotechnology. In: Parisi C, Vigani M, RodriguezCerozo E (eds) Proceedings of a workshop on nanotechnology for the agricultural sector: from research to the field, Seville, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Institute for Prospective Technological Studies, Luxembourg, pp 10–12

  • Centre for Disease control and Prevention (2016). The National Institute for Occupational safety and Health. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/nanotech/. Accessed on 11 Mar 2017

  • Chau CF, Wu SH, Yen GC (2007) The development of regulations for food nanotechnology. Trends Food Sci Technol 18(5):269–280. doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2007.01.007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry Q, Scotter M, Blackburn J, Ross B, Boxall A, Castle L, Aitken R, Watkins R (2008) Applications and implications of nanotechnologies for the food sector. Food Addit Contam Part A 25(3):241–258. doi:10.1080/02652030701744538

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury P, Khan SA, Dutta P, Mahanta J (2014) Pharmaceutical and biotech product patents in India: doldrums or blissfulness? Nat Biotechnol 32:133–134. doi:10.1038/nbt.280

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chowdhury P, Gogoi M, Das S, Zaman A, Hazarika P, Borchetia S, Bandyopadhyay T (2016) Intellectual property rights regulations for nanotechnology application in agriculture. In: Ranjan S, Dasgupta N, Lichtfouse E (eds) Nanoscience in food and agriculture, sustainable agriculture reviews, vol 21. Springer, Berlin, pp 1–25. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39306-3_1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Clarkson G, DeKorte D (2006) The problem of patent thickets in convergent technologies. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1093:180–200. doi:10.1196/annals.1382.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dasgupta N, Ranjan S, Mundekkad D, Ramalingam C, Shanker R, Kumar A (2015) Nanotechnology in agro-food: from field to plate. Food Res Int 69:381–400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Department of Science and Technology (2016). www.nanomission.gov.in

  • Echegoyen Y (2015) Nano-developments for food packaging and labeling applications. In: Rai M, Ribeiro C, Mattoso L, Duran N (eds) Nanotechnologies in food and agriculture. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 141–166. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14024-7_7

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO (1995) Application of risk analysis to food standards issues: report of the joint FAO/WHO expert consultation, Geneva, Switzerland, Ch-5

  • FAO/WHO (2013) State of the art on the initiatives and activities relevant to risk assessment and risk management of nanotechnologies in the food and agriculture sectors. FAO/WHO technical paper. http://www.fao.org/docrep/018/i3281e/i3281e.pdf

  • FSCJ (2010) A Basic survey report on safety assessment and risk management of nanotechnologies in the food and agriculture sectors, conducted by the Toray Research Centre as ‘A Comprehensive study for ensuring food safety under the Cabinet Office Food Safety Commission (FY 2009) for the Food Safety Commission of Japan. http://www.fsc.go.jp/english/survey_programs/use_nanotechnology.pdf

  • Havas A (2014) Trapped by the high-tech myth: the need and chances for a new policy rationale. In: Hirsch-Kreinsen H, Schwinge I (eds) Knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship in low-tech industries. Edward Elgar Publishing Limited, Glos, pp 193–217

    Google Scholar 

  • Health and Environment Alliance (2011) Nanotechnology and Health Risk. www.env-health.org/IMG/pdf/17Nanotechnology_and_Health_Risk.pdf

  • Linkov I, Steevens J, Adlakha-Hutcheon G, Bennett E, Chappell M, Colvin V, Davis JM, Davis T, Elder A, Foss Hansen S, Hakkinen PB, Hussain SM, Karkan D, Korenstein R, Lynch I, Metcalfe C, Ramadan AB, Satterstrom FK (2009a) Emerging methods and tools for environmental risk assessment, decision-making, and policy for nanomaterials: summary of NATO Advanced workshop. J Nanopart Res 11(3):513–527. doi:10.1007/s11051-008-9514-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linkov I, Steevens J, Chappel M, Tervonen T, Figueira JR, Merad M (2009b) Classifying nanomaterial risks using multi-criteria decision analysis. In: Linkov I, Steevens J (eds) Nanomaterials: risks and benefits. NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C: Environmental Security. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 179–191. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9491-0_13

  • Mc Murray TA, Dunlop PSM, Byrne JA (2006) The photocatalytic degradation of atrazine on nanoparticulate TiO2 films. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 182(1):43–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Milani N, McLaughlin MJ, Stacey SP, Kirkby JK, Hettiarachchi GM, Beak DG, Cornelis G (2012) Dissolution kinetics of macronutrient fertilizers coated with manufactured zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Agric Food Chem 60:3991–3998. doi:10.1021/jf205191y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller G, Senjen R (2008) Out of the laboratory and on to our plates: nanotechnology in food and agriculture. Friends of the Earth Australia, Europe and USA. http://www.denix.osd.mil/cmrmd/upload/Nanotech_Food_Agric.pdf

  • Miller JC, Serrato R, Represas-Cardenas JM, Kundahl G (2004) The handbook of nanotechnology: business, policy and intellectual property law. Wiley, Hoboken

    Google Scholar 

  • Momin JK, Joshi BH (2015) Nanotechnology in foods. In: Rai M, Ribeiro C, Mattoso L, Duran N (eds) Nanotechnologies in food and agriculture. Springer, Switzerland, pp 3–24. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14024-7_1

    Google Scholar 

  • Montovani E, Porcari A, Morrison MD, Geetsma RE (2012) Development in nanotechnologies regulation and standards 2021-Report of the observatory Nano, Brussels Observatory Nano form. http://www.observatorynano.eu/projectfilesystem/files/observatoryNano_nanotechnologies_RegulationandStandards_2012.pdf

  • Oberdorster G, Oberdorster E, Oberdorster J (2005) Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles. Environ Health Perspect 113(7):823–839. doi:10.1289/ehp.7339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Özer EA, Özcan M, Didin M (2014) Nanotechnology in food and agriculture industry. In: Malik A, Erginkaya Z, Ahmad S, Erten H (eds) Food processing: strategies for quality assessment. Food engineering series. Springer, New York, pp 477–497. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1378-7_19

    Google Scholar 

  • Paradise J (2012) Claiming nanotechnology: improving USPTO efforts at classification of emerging nano-enabled pharmaceutical technologies. Northwest J Technol Intellect Prop 10(3):169–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Parisi C, Vigani M, Rodríguez-Cerezo E (2015) Agricultural nanotechnologies: what are the current possibilities? Nanotoday 10(2):124–127. doi:10.1016/j.nantod.2014.09.009

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park Y (2012) Nano regulation in China, Japan, Korea, USA and EU. http://www.egg2012.de/tl_files/pdf/paper/EGG2012_C6_1_Parkpresentation_slides.pdf

  • Raimond RR (2008) Ethical considerations regarding the international development and application of nanotechnology and nanoscale materials. In: 37th annual conference on environmental law, Keystone, Colorado

  • Raliya R, Tarafdar JC, Gulecha K, Choudhury K, Ram R, Mal P, Saran RP (2013) Scope of nanosciences and nanotechnology in agriculture. J Appl Biol Biotechnol 1:41–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Ranjan S, Dasgupta N, Chakraborty AR, Samuel SM, Ramalingam C, Shanker R, Kumar A (2014) Nanoscience and nanotechnologies in food industries: opportunities and research trends. J Nanopart Res 16:2464. doi:10.1007/s11051-014-2464-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rauscher H (2014) Role of JRC-IHCP in nanotechnology: overview of policy support activities on nanomaterials safety. In: Proceedings of a workshop on “Nanotechnology for the agricultural sector: from research to the field”. pp 23. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/default/files/ipts_jrc_89736_(online)__final.pdf

  • Rico CM, Majumdar S, Duarte-Gardea M, Peralta-Videa JR, Gardea-Torresdey JL (2011) Interaction of nanoparticles with edible plants and their possible implications in the food chain. J Agric Food Chem 59(8):3485–3498. doi:10.1021/jf104517j

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sagadevan S, Periasamy M (2014) Recent trends in nanobiosensors and their applications—a review. Rev Adv Mater Sci 36:62–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Sastry RK, Rao NH (2013) Emerging technologies for enhancing Indian agriculture-case of nano-biotechnology. Asian Biotechnol Dev Rev 15(1):1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Sastry KR, Rashmi HB, Rao NH, Ilyas SM (2009) Nanotechnology and agriculture in India: the second green revolution? In: Invited paper Presented in: Presented in Session IV, OECD Conference on Potential Environmental Benefits of Nanotechnology. Fostering Safe Innovation- Led Growth, OECD Conference Centre, Paris, France

  • Sastry RK, Rashmi HB, Rao NH, Ilyas SM (2010) Integrating nanotechnology into agri-food systems research in India: a conceptual framework. Technol Forecast Soc Change 77(4):639–648. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2009.11.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sekhon BS (2014) Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 7:31–53. doi:10.2147/NSA.S39406

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shand H, Wetter KJ (2007) Trends in intellectual property and nanotechnology: implications for the global south. J Intellect Prop Rights 12:111–117

    Google Scholar 

  • Shrivastava S, Dash D (2009) Agrifood nanotechnology: a tiny revolution in food and agriculture. J Nano Res 6:1–14

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soliman A (2012) The need for stronger nanotechnology regulation., Food Safety News. http://www.foodsafetynews.com/2012/10/why-we-should-have-more-regulations-on-anotechnology/#.VbhnQ3qqo7s

  • Sweeney AE (2006) Social and ethical dimensions of nanoscale science and engineering research. Sci Eng Ethics 12:435–464

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torney F, Trewyn BG, Lin VSY, Wang K (2007) Mesoporous silica nanoparticles deliver DNA and chemicals into plants. Nat Nanotechnol 2(5):295–300. doi:10.1038/nnano.2007.108

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tullis TK (2012) Current intellectual property issues in nanotechnology. Nanotechnol Rev 1(2):189–205. doi:10.1515/ntrev-2012-0501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • USPTO (2014) Performance & accountability report. http://www.uspto.gov/about/stratplan/ar/USPTOFY2014PAR.pdf

  • Vamvakaki V, Chaniotakis NA (2007) Pesticide detection with a liposome-based nano-biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 22(12):2848–2853

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson SB, Gergely A, Janus ER (2011) Where is “Agronanotechnology” heading in the United States and European Union? Nat Resour Environ 26(1):8

    Google Scholar 

  • WPN (2015) Policy environments and governance for innovation and sustainable growth through nanotechnology. DSTI/STP/NANO (2013)13/FINAL. http://www.oecd.org/officialdocuments/publicdisplaydocumentpdf/?cote=DSTI/STP/NANO(2013)13/FINAL&doclanguage=en

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pritom Chowdhury.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chowdhury, P., Gogoi, M., Borchetia, S. et al. Nanotechnology applications and intellectual property rights in agriculture. Environ Chem Lett 15, 413–419 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-017-0632-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-017-0632-4

Keywords

Navigation