Abstract
The Haiyang 2C (HY-2C) mission acquires measurements of sea surface height and requires precise orbit determination (POD). Continuous yaw variation in HY-2C’s attitude has been observed and poses a challenge for POD. This study explores HY-2C attitude control based on the actual yaw angle, and a mathematical description of the yaw model is developed to account for the attitude mode. To mitigate modeling issues during yaw maneuvers, insights gained from studying attitude behavior are considered for the practical development of the yaw model. Three months of observations acquired using global positioning system (GPS) instruments were used in the orbit determination and assessment of the yaw model of the HY-2C. For the yaw model solution, orbit self-consistencies of 0.43 cm and 1.46 cm were displayed in the radial and 3D root mean square (RMS) of the overlapping difference, and an uncertainty of less than 2 cm was obtained through independent satellite laser ranging (SLR) validation. However, the orbit quality in the cross-track directions exhibited large errors for yaw-fixed mode. A refined POD strategy was developed and yielded improved self-consistency and precision for the resulting orbits.
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Data availability
The GNSS precise orbit and clock products are publicly available from ftp://igs.gnsswhu.cn/pub/gnss/products/mgex/. The SLR observations of HY-2C are provided by ILRS at ftp://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/slr/data/. The SLRF2014 station coordinates are obtained from ftp://gdc.cddis.eosdis.nasa.gov/pub/slr/products/resource/. The LRR offset information is available at https://ilrs.cddis.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions/satellite_missions/current_missions/hy2c_reflector.html. The other data that support this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the IGS for providing GNSS products and the ILRS for providing SLR observations of HY-2C satellites. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42074032, 41931075, 42030109, and 42004020), the fundation of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory (6142210190101) and the Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau (2019010701011391). We also appreciate two anonymous reviewers and the responsible editor for their valuable comments and improvements to this manuscript.
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Wang, Y., Li, M., Jiang, K. et al. Precise orbit determination of the Haiyang 2C altimetry satellite using attitude modeling. GPS Solut 26, 35 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01219-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01219-7