Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Association between number of pairs of opposing posterior teeth, metabolic syndrome, and obesity

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Odontology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We investigated the relationship between the number of pairs of posterior teeth and metabolic syndrome (MetS), abdominal obesity (AO), and obesity, among Japanese adults. In 2005, 2,807 Japanese adults aged 25–74 years participated in the Survey of Dental Diseases and the National Health and Nutrition Survey. Based on the survey data, BMI, AO (JAS) determined by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society, AO (IDF) by the International Diabetes Federation, and MetS were assessed. Total functional tooth units (t-FTUs) were scored with pairs of opposing posterior teeth, including artificial teeth. Subjects were divided into three categories of chewing ability based on the score of t-FTUs: Poor (if score ≤ 9), Good (if score = 10–11), and Complete (if score = 12). The relationships between chewing ability and BMI ≥ 25, BMI ≥ 30, AO (JAS), AO (IDF), and MetS were tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The chewing ability was significantly associated with MetS, AO, and obesity in the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Adjusted OR of “Poor” compared to “Complete” were 1.51 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.24–1.84) for BMI ≥ 25, 2.10 (95% CI 1.40–3.14) for BMI ≥ 30, 1.31 (95% CI 1.07–1.61) for AO (JAS), 1.40 (95% CI 1.15–1.70) for AO (IDF), and 1.34 (95% CI 1.04–1.72) for MetS. All were statistically significant. Preventing tooth loss and maintaining pairs of good chewing ability may be important factors in preventing MetS, AO, and obesity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Haslam DW, James WP. Obesity. Lancet. 2005;366(9492):1197–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Mokdad AH, Ford ES, Bowman BA, Dietz WH, Vinicor F, Bales VS, et al. Prevalence of obesity, diabetes, and obesity-related health risk factors, 2001. JAMA. 2003;289(1):76–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Whitlock G, Lewington S, Sherliker P, Clarke R, Emberson J, Halsey J, et al. Body-mass index and cause-specific mortality in 900 000 adults: collaborative analyses of 57 prospective studies. Lancet. 2009;373(9669):1083–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60318-4. (Epub 2009/03/18).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight fact sheet 2016. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/. Accessed 23 Jan 2017.

  5. International Diabetes Federation. IDF WORLDWIDE DEFINITION OF THE METABOLIC SYNDROME. http://www.idf.org/metabolic-syndrome. Accessed 24 Jan 2017.

  6. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640–5. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192644. (Epub 2009/10/05).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement. Circulation. 2005;112(17):2735–52. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.169404. (Epub 2005/09/12).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Meigs JB, Wilson PW, Fox CS, Vasan RS, Nathan DM, Sullivan LM, et al. Body mass index, metabolic syndrome, and risk of type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(8):2906-12. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0594. (Epub 2006/05/30).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lakka HM, Laaksonen DE, Lakka TA, Niskanen LK, Kumpusalo E, Tuomilehto J, et al. The metabolic syndrome and total and cardiovascular disease mortality in middle-aged men. JAMA. 2002;288(21):2709–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Malik S, Wong ND, Franklin SS, Kamath TV, L’Italien GJ, Pio JR, et al. Impact of the metabolic syndrome on mortality from coronary heart disease, cardiovascular disease, and all causes in United States adults. Circulation. 2004;110(10):1245–50. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000140677.20606. (Epub 2004/08/23).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Outline for the Results of the National Health and Survey Japan. 2007. http://www0.nih.go.jp/eiken/english/research/pdf/nhns2007.pdf. Accessed 6 Mar 2017.

  12. Yoshiike N, Matsumura Y, Zaman MM, Yamaguchi M. Descriptive epidemiology of body mass index in Japanese adults in a representative sample from the National Nutrition Survey 1990–1994. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998;22(7):684–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Nakamura K, Okamura T, Kanda H, Hayakawa T, Okayama A, Ueshima H, et al. Medical costs of obese Japanese: a 10-year follow-up study of National Health Insurance in Shiga, Japan. Eur J Public Health. 2007;17(5):424–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckl271. (Epub 2007/01/05).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nagai M, Kuriyama S, Kakizaki M, Ohmori-Matsuda K, Sone T, Hozawa A, et al. Impact of obesity, overweight and underweight on life expectancy and lifetime medical expenditures: the Ohsaki cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012;2(3)e000940. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-000940. (Epub 2012/05/11).

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Kawashita Y, Kitamura M, Ando Y, Saito T. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and number of teeth in Japan. JDR Clin Transl Res. 2017;2(1):87–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/2380084416667931.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kim SW, Cho KH, Han KD, Roh YK, Song IS, Kim YH. Tooth loss and metabolic syndrome in South Korea: the 2012 Korean national health and nutrition examination survey. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016;95(16):e3331. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000003331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhu Y, Hollis JH. Associations between the number of natural teeth and metabolic syndrome in adults. J Clin Periodontol. 2015;42(2):113–20. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12361. (Epub 2015/01/29).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Ikebe K, Matsuda K, Morii K, Nokubi T, Ettinger RL. The relationship between oral function and body mass index among independently living older Japanese people. Int J Prosthodont. 2006;19(6):539–46.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kikui M, Ono T, Kokubo Y, Kida M, Kosaka T, Yamamoto M, et al. Relationship between metabolic syndrome and objective masticatory performance in a Japanese general population: the suita study. J Dent. 2017;56:53–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2016.10.014. (Epub 2016/10/25).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Sánchez-Ayala A, Campanha NH, Garcia RC. Relationship between body fat and masticatory function. J Prosthodont. 2013;22(2):120-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849X.2012.00937.x. (Epub 2012/10/25).

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Isabel CA, Moysés MR, van der Bilt A, Gameiro GH, Ribeiro JC, Pereira LJ. The relationship between masticatory and swallowing behaviors and body weight. Physiol Behav. 2015;151:314–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2015.0.8.006. (Epub 2015/08/04)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. The Statistical Analysis Committee on the Survey of Dental Diseases. Comprehensive guide to the survey of dental diseases (2005). Tokyo, Japan: Oral Health Association; 2007. pp. 130–3. (In Japanese).

  23. Examination Committee of Criteria for ‘Obesity Disease’ in Japan, Japan Society for the Study of Obesity. New criteria for ‘obesity disease’ in Japan. Circ J. 2002;66(11):987–92.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. Metabolic syndrome–a new world-wide definition. A consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation. Diabet Med. 2006;23(5):469–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01858.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ueno M, Yanagisawa T, Shinada K, Ohara S, Kawaguchi Y. Category of functional tooth units in relation to the number of teeth and masticatory ability in Japanese adults. Clin Oral Investig. 2010;14(1):113–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-009-0270-8. (Epub 2009/03/31).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Ueno M, Yanagisawa T, Shinada K, Ohara S, Kawaguchi Y. Masticatory ability and functional tooth units in Japanese adults. J Oral Rehabil. 2008;35(5):337–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2008.01847.x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hsu KJ, Yen YY, Lan SJ, Wu YM, Chen CM, Lee HE. Relationship between remaining teeth and self-rated chewing ability among population aged 45 years or older in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2011;27(10):457–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjms.2011.06.006. (Epub 2011/07/27).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Yanagisawa T, Ueno M, Shinada K, Ohara S, Kawaguchi Y. Validity of self-reported masticatory function in a Japanese population. J Dent Health. 2010;60(3):214–23.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Otsuka R, Imai T, Kato Y, Ando F, Shimokata H. Relationship between number of metabolic syndrome components and dietary factors in middle-aged and elderly Japanese subjects. Hypertens Res. 2010;33(6):548–54. https://doi.org/10.1038/hr.2010.29. (Epub 2010/03/12).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects. http://www.mhlw.go.jp/file/06-Seisakujouhou-10600000-Daijinkanboukouseikagakuka/0000080278.pdf. Accessed 6 Mar 2017.

  31. Krall E, Hayes C, Garcia R. How dentition status and masticatory function affect nutrient intake. J Am Dent Assoc. 1998;129(9):1261–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Sahyoun NR, Lin CL, Krall E. Nutritional status of the older adult is associated with dentition status. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103(1):61–6. https://doi.org/10.1053/jada.2003.50003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Ostberg AL, Nyholm M, Gullberg B, Råstam L, Lindblad U. Tooth loss and obesity in a defined Swedish population. Scand J Public Health. 2009;37(4):427–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494808099964. (Epub 2009/01/13).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Johansson I, Tidehag P, Lundberg V, Hallmans G. Dental status, diet and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-aged people in northern Sweden. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1994;22(6):431–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Joshipura KJ, Willett WC, Douglass CW. The impact of edentulousness on food and nutrient intake. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996;127(4):459–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Yoshida M, Kikutani T, Yoshikawa M, Tsuga K, Kimura M, Akagawa Y. Correlation between dental and nutritional status in community-dwelling elderly Japanese. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2011;11(3):315–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1447-0594.2010.00688.x. (Epub 2011/01/25).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Wakai K, Naito M, Naito T, Kojima M, Nakagaki H, Umemura O, et al. Tooth loss and intakes of nutrients and foods: a nationwide survey of Japanese dentists. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2010;38(1):43–9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00512.x. (Epub 2009/11/18).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Drewnowski A, Specter SE. Poverty and obesity: the role of energy density and energy costs. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79(1):6–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Mozaffarian D, Hao T, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Hu FB. Changes in diet and lifestyle and long-term weight gain in women and men. N Engl J Med. 2011;364(25):2392–404. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1014296.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  40. Hamasaki T, Kitamura M, Kawashita Y, Ando Y, Saito T. Periodontal disease and percentage of calories from fat using national data. J Periodontal Res. 2017;52(1):114–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/jre.12375. (Epub 2016/03/29).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Sakata T, Yoshimatsu H, Kurokawa M. Hypothalamic neuronal histamine: implications of its homeostatic control of energy metabolism. Nutrition. 1997;13(5):403–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Fujise T, Yoshimatsu H, Kurokawa M, Fukagawa K, Nakata M, Sakata T. Food consistency modulates eating volume and speed through brain histamine in rat. Brain Res Bull. 1993;32(5):555–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Tanaka H, Kokubo Y. Epidemiology of obesity in Japan. Jap Med Assoc J. 2005;48(1):34–41.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Furuta M, Liu A, Shinagawa T, Takeuchi K, Takeshita T, Shimazaki Y, et al. Tooth loss and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Japanese adults. J Clin Periodontol. 2016;43(6):482–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.12523. (Epub 2016/05/05).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Kohro T, Furui Y, Mitsutake N, Fujii R, Morita H, Oku S, et al. The Japanese national health screening and intervention program aimed at preventing worsening of the metabolic syndrome. Int Heart J. 2008;49(2):193–203.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors received no funds and grants for this study.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Takahiro Iwasaki

    Present address: Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Gifu, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan

    Takahiro Iwasaki, Hideki Fukuda, Masayasu Kitamura, Hideaki Hayashida, Reiko Furugen, Zenya Koyama & Toshiyuki Saito

  2. Perioperative Oral Management Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan

    Yumiko Kawashita

  3. National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan

    Yuichi Ando

Authors
  1. Takahiro Iwasaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hideki Fukuda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Masayasu Kitamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yumiko Kawashita
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hideaki Hayashida
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Reiko Furugen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Zenya Koyama
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Yuichi Ando
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Toshiyuki Saito
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hideki Fukuda.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Iwasaki, T., Fukuda, H., Kitamura, M. et al. Association between number of pairs of opposing posterior teeth, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. Odontology 107, 111–117 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0386-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-018-0386-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation