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Revision of the genus Parapterois (Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) and resurrection of Parapterois nigripinnis (Gilchrist 1904)

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Abstract

A taxonomic revision of the genus Parapterois (Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) resulted in recognition of three valid species, Pa. heterura (Bleeker 1856) (type locality: Indonesia), Pa. macrura (Alcock 1896) (India) and Pa. nigripinnis (Gilchrist 1904) (South Africa). Previously regarded (as Pterois nigripinnis) as a junior synonym of Pterois heterurus Bleeker 1856, the last-mentioned is readily distinguishable from its congeners by having interrupted or wavy white lines and/or spots present below the eye (vs. solid white lines in congeners) and the pectoral-fin axilla with many white spots (vs. spots absent). Although Pa. macrura is most similar to Pa. heterura, the two species can be distinguished from each other by several morphometric characters, including the relative position of the orbit (with respect to the top of the nasal protuberance and the first dorsal-fin base), and the number of spinules on the cheek scales. Parapterois heterura is widely distributed in the eastern Indian and western Pacific oceans, whereas Pa. macrura and Pa. nigripinnis are restricted to the Arabian and Laccadive seas, and the southwestern Indian Ocean (east coasts of Mozambique and South Africa), respectively. Pterois jordani Regan 1905, Ebosia starksi Franz 1910, Pterois tanabensis Tanaka 1918 and Ebosia pavo Schmidt 1931, all described from Japan, are regarded as junior synonyms of Pt. heterurus. Pterois natalensis von Bonde 1923 (type locality: South Africa) is synonymized under Pt. nigripinnis. Lectotypes are designated for Pt. macrura and Pt. nigripinnis, and a key to species of Parapterois is provided.

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Acknowledgments

We are especially grateful to S.-P. Huang (ASIZ); J. Maclaine and O. Crimmen (BMNH); H. Endo (BSKU); A. Graham and J. Pogonoski (CSIRO); K. Swagel (FMNH); S. Kimura (FRLM); H. Imamura, T. Kawai and F. Tashiro (HUMZ); H. Senou (KPM); Y. Iwatsuki (MUFS); G. Shinohara and M. Nakae (NSMT); W.-J. Chen (NTUM) and K.-Y. Wu (formerly NTUM); K. Hatooka and S. Matsui (OMNH); C. Aungtonya (PMBC) and U. Satapoomin (formerly PMBC); R. de Ruiter (RMNH); M. Bougaardt and D. Clarke (SAM); R. Bills, O. Gon and E. Heemstra (SAIAB); K. Hoshino (SNFR); T. Yoshino (formerly URM); J. Williams (formerly USNM); S. Morrison (formerly WAM); Y. Kaji (WMNH); K. Hagiwara (YCM); M. Nazarkin and A. Balushkin (ZIN); R. Thiel and I. Eidus (ZMH); K. Gopi and S. Mishra (ZSI); and K. Sakamoto (formerly ZUMT) for their kind hospitality during the first author’s visits to their institutions. We are also indebted to D. Catania (CAS) for providing the opportunity to examine specimens, and thank students and volunteers of KAUM and students of KUN, who gave curatorial assistance and helped in specimen collection. We are grateful also to G. Hardy (Ngunguru, New Zealand) for reading the manuscript and providing help with English; and N. Muto (section editor) and anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments on the manuscript. This study was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 20H03311, 21H03651 and 21K14905, JSPS Fellow (PD: 16J00047), the JSPS Core-to-Core CREPSUM JPJSCCB2020009, and the “Establishment of Glocal Research and Education Network in the Amami Islands” project of Kagoshima University adopted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.

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  1. Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan

    Mizuki Matsunuma

  2. The Kagoshima University Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan

    Hiroyuki Motomura

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Matsunuma, M., Motomura, H. Revision of the genus Parapterois (Scorpaenidae: Pteroinae) and resurrection of Parapterois nigripinnis (Gilchrist 1904). Ichthyol Res 69, 401–432 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-021-00845-y

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