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Gobius xoriguer, a new offshore Mediterranean goby (Gobiidae), and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Gobius

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Abstract

Gobius xoriguer sp. nov., a new ofshore species of goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiinae) is described based on three specimens collected in 2010, 2012 and 2018 in the western Mediterranean, off Menorca (Spain), in the Gulf of Lion and off Corsica (France), at 51–104 m depth on coralline algae sea bed. It is easily distinguishable from its Atlantic-Mediterranean congeners by the combination of the following characters: large eyes, ~27–28% of head length; anterior nostril with a small triangular process; 14 soft rays on D2, 13 soft rays on A; enlarged first dorsal fin rays (adult males), with third D1 spine the longest, 23–27 % SL; uppermost P fin rays not free from membrane; long V-shape pelvic fins with vestigial frenum; 50–51 scales on LL; head oculoscapular canal with pores σ, λ, κ, ω, α, β, ρ, ρ1, ρ2, and preopercular canal with pores γ, δ, ε present; row x1 ending anteriorly behind pore β; a groove section between pore ρ and ρ1; suborbital row d discontinuous with large gap below suborbital rows 3 and 4; rows o separated; seven enlarged orange blotches on body side; white dotes on cheek and opercle on an orange background. With a known maximum size of 64 mm TL, it is among the smaller species of Gobius. Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree topologies based on mitochondrial DNA COI sequences (barcoding region), including most Atlantic-Mediterranean Gobius species, support Gobius gasteveni Miller 1974 as the closest relative to Gobius xoriguer sp. nov. These sister species exhibit a high genetic divergence of 9.5% (uncorrected p-distance).

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Acknowledgements

We thank Luisa Metral and Angélique Jadaud from IFREMER institute for conducting the missions Medits 2012 and 2018 and for collecting the paratype, and the team of the cruises; the chip manager Gaspar Melsión and the fisherman Miguel Moreno Thomas for inviting on board the trawler Nueva Joven Josephina; Lou Frotté for joining the expedition Menorca 2010; Marcelo Kovačić for providing a part of the material for the genetic analyses; Nalani Schnell for preliminary help with microscope; the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. The Menorca 2010 expedition was partially supported by the 2010 IFREMER contract for the teaching of French fishery observers; TS was supported by Grant Agency of the Charles University project 1192217, RŠ by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic (DKRVO 2019-2023/6.III.c National Museum, 00023272).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Station Marine de Concarneau, Place de la Croix, 29900, Concarneau, France

    Samuel P. Iglésias

  2. Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic

    Jasna Vukić & Tereza Soukupová

  3. Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Station Marine de Concarneau, Place de la Croix, 29900, Concarneau, France

    Daniel Y. Sellos

  4. Department of Zoology, National Museum, Václavské náměstí 68, 115 79, Prague 1, Czech Republic

    Radek Šanda

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  1. Samuel P. Iglésias
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Correspondence to Samuel P. Iglésias.

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Iglésias, S.P., Vukić, J., Sellos, D.Y. et al. Gobius xoriguer, a new offshore Mediterranean goby (Gobiidae), and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Gobius. Ichthyol Res 68, 445–459 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-020-00797-9

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