Abstract
Desert-living Cistanche herb (DC), as a traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying kidney yang, is often used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Total phenylethanoid glycosides are instruction ingredients for discrimination and assay according to the China pharmacopoeia for DC. This research aimed to reveal the anti-osteoporosis mechanism of total phenylethanoid glycosides of DC (PGC) by transcriptomic analysis of ovariectomized rats. Serum levels of BGP were evaluated by ELISA, the bone weight was measured, and transmission electron microscopy was used to examine the ultrastructure of osteoblasts in rats. In addition, micro-CT was used to detect the bone volume (Tb.BS/BV), bone mineral density (Tb.BMD), and bone mineral content (Tb.BMC) in trabecular bone, and the ratio of cortical bone area to total area (Ct.ar/Tt.ar), and the level of bone mineral content (Ct.BMC) in cortical bone. Differential expressed genes (DEGs) after PGC treatment were analyzed by transcriptomics. Then, a bioinformatics analysis of DEGs was carried out through GO enrichment, KEGG enrichment, and selection of the nucleus gene through the protein-protein interaction network. Through qRT-PCR analysis, the DEGs were verified. The analysis results indicated that PGC increased the secretion of osteogenic markers, and ultrastructural characterization of osteoblasts and bone morphology were improved in ovariectomized rats. A total of 269 genes were differentially expressed, including 201 genes that were downregulated and 68 genes that were upregulated between the model group and the PGC group. Bioinformation analysis results prompt the conclusion that PGC could promote the bone metabolism by muscle cell development, myofibril assembly, etc. In addition, our study also found that PGC has a good effect on osteoporosis complicated with cardiomyopathy, and it also provided evidence for the correlation between sarcopenia and osteoporosis.
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Data Availability
The data may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Abbreviations
- DC:
-
desert-living Cistanche herb
- PGC:
-
total phenylethanoid glycosides of desert-living Cistanche herb
- PMOP:
-
postmenopausal osteoporosis
- Tb.BS/BV:
-
bone volume
- Tb.BMD:
-
bone mineral density
- Tb.BMC:
-
bone mineral content
- Ct.ar/Tt.ar:
-
ratio of cortical bone area to total area
- Ct.BMC:
-
level of bone mineral content
- DEGs:
-
differential expressed genes
- PPI:
-
protein-protein interaction
- MHT:
-
menopausal hormone therapy
- RANK:
-
receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB
- RANKL:
-
receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand
- TRAF6:
-
TNF receptor–associated factor 6
- BG:
-
blank group
- MG:
-
model group
- BGP:
-
osteocalcin
- FPKM:
-
fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped fragments
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This work was supported by the Science and technology project of Henan Province (212102310351), Henan Province Youth Talent Promotion Project (2021HYTP055), Postdoctoral Research project of Henan Province (202001053), and the National Natural Science Project of China (81274154).
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S.T. and M.M. designed the experiments, and supervised and participated in the entire work. L.G. performed the qRT-PCR experiments. Y.S. performed the animal experiments and biochemical analysis and contributed to the writing of this manuscript. J.M. performed the micro-CT data analysis. M.P. performed the biochemical analysis, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. X.F. contributed to the writing of this manuscript. M.B supervise the study. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
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This animal experiment was conducted in accordance with relevant regulation of Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, the experimental animal ethical review approval number is DWLL202003128, and the laboratory qualification certificate number is SYXK (Henan) 2020-0004.
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Tian, S., Guo, L., Song, Y. et al. Transcriptomic analysis the mechanisms of anti-osteoporosis of desert-living Cistanche herb in ovariectomized rats of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Funct Integr Genomics 23, 237 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-023-01154-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-023-01154-5