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Transcriptome Analysis of Host Anti-Vibrio harveyi Infection Revealed the Pathogenicity of V. harveyi to American Eel (Anguilla rostrata)

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Abstract

Vibrio harveyi, a recently discovered pathogenic bacterium isolated from American eels (Anguilla rostrata), poses uncertainties regarding its pathogenesis in American eel and the molecular mechanisms underlying host defense against V. harveyi infection. This study aimed to determine the LD50 of V. harveyi in American eel and assess the bacterial load in the liver, spleen, and kidney post-infection with the LD50 dose. The results showed that the LD50 of V. harveyi via intraperitoneal injection in American eels over a 14d period was determined to be 1.24 × 103 cfu/g body weight (6.2 × 104 cfu/fish). The peak bacterial load occurred at 36 h post-infection (hpi) in all three organs examined. Histopathology analysis revealed hepatic vein congestion and thrombi, tubular vacuolar degeneration, and splenic bleeding. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results indicated significant up or downregulation of 18 host immune- or anti-infection–related genes post 12 to 60 hpi following the infection. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) unveiled 7 hub differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 11 encoded proteins play crucial roles in the anti-V. harveyi response in American eels. This study firstly represents the comprehensive report on the pathogenicity of V. harveyi to American eels and RNA-seq of host’s response to V. harveyi infection. These findings provide valuable insights into V. harveyi pathogenesis and the strategies employed by the host’s immune system at the transcriptomic level to combat V. harveyi infection.

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Data Availability

All 12 files of transcriptome RNA-seq data (SRA) have been uploaded to NCBI and the BioProject ID is PRJNA988445

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Funding

This work was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen Municipality (No. 3502Z20227204).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China

    Minxia Chen, Qijuan Wan, Ming Xu, Zihao Chen & Songlin Guo

  2. Engineering Research Center of the Modern Industry Technology for Eel. Ministry of Education of PRC, Xiamen, 361021, China

    Minxia Chen, Qijuan Wan, Zihao Chen & Songlin Guo

  3. State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China

    Minxia Chen, Qijuan Wan, Ming Xu & Songlin Guo

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  1. Minxia Chen
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  2. Qijuan Wan
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  4. Zihao Chen
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Contributions

Songlin Guo: the funding acquisition of 3502Z20227204, methodology, project administration, resources, software, validation, writing original draft and editing. Mingxia Chen: writing original draft, sampling, data curation. Qijuan Wan: writing original draft, sampling, data curation. Ming Xu: software, data curation. Zihao Chen: data curation.

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Correspondence to Songlin Guo.

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The fish used in this study were cultivated under protocols approved by the Jimei University Animal Care Committee (2011–59), and all experiments complied with the current laws of China and international organizations for the use of experimental animals.

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Chen, M., Wan, Q., Xu, M. et al. Transcriptome Analysis of Host Anti-Vibrio harveyi Infection Revealed the Pathogenicity of V. harveyi to American Eel (Anguilla rostrata). Mar Biotechnol 26, 306–323 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-024-10298-9

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