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Random Terpolymer Based on Simple Siloxane-functionalized Thiophene Unit Enabling High-performance Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells

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Abstract

Incorporation of siloxane-functionalized units into polymers backbone has proven to be an efficient strategy to improve photovoltaic performance. In this work, a low-cost siloxane-containing unit was developed to construct a series of terpolymers, and the effects of siloxane on the polymer performance were systematically studied. Different contents of thiophene containing siloxane-functionalized side chain were introduced into PM6 to obtain a series of polymers (PM6, PM6-SiO-10, PM6-SiO-20 and PM6-SiO-30). The siloxane-functionalized side chains in polymers have only a slight effect on the absorption behavior and frontier molecular orbitals. However, when the siloxane content increased, the terpolymers’ aggregation property decreased and the temperature-dependency increased, leading to improved donor-acceptor compatibility. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) based on PM6:Y6, PM6-SiO-20:Y6 and PM6-SiO-30:Y6 devices was 15.64%, 16.03% and 15.82%, respectively. In comparison, the active layer based on PM6-SiO-10:Y6 exhibits the most appropriate phase separation morphology, resulting in effective exciton dissociation, more balanced hole-electron transport and less recombination. Consequently, the highest PCE of 16.69% with an outstanding short-circuit current density of 26.96 mA·cm−2 was obtained, which are one of the highest values for siloxane-functionalized polymer-based devices. This work demonstrates that finely controlling the content of siloxane-functionalized thiophene is beneficial for obtaining high-performance terpolymer donors and provides a novel and low-cost method to improve photovoltaic performance.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Nos. 51973032, 21905043, 51833004 and 52333006), the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 20212ACB203005, 20224ACB214002, 20212BAB213018 and 20224BAB203015), the Thousand Talents Plan of Jiangxi Province (No. jxsq2019101051), and the Innovation Foundation for graduate students of Jiangxi Normal University (No. YJS2021018). X.X. and X.L. acknowledge the financial support from Research Grants Council (RGC) of Hong Kong (General Research Fund No. 14303519).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China

    Fuliang Cheng, Shiting Lai, Yihan Zhang, Ling Xue, Peipei Zhu, Xunfan Liao & Yiwang Chen

  2. Department of Physics, Chinese University of Hong Kong New Territories, Hong Kong, 999077, China

    Xinxin Xia & Xinhui Lu

  3. Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC)/Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Yiwang Chen

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  1. Fuliang Cheng
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  2. Shiting Lai
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Random Terpolymer Based on Simple Siloxane-functionalized Thiophene Unit Enabling High-performance Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells

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Cheng, F., Lai, S., Zhang, Y. et al. Random Terpolymer Based on Simple Siloxane-functionalized Thiophene Unit Enabling High-performance Non-fullerene Organic Solar Cells. Chin J Polym Sci 42, 311–321 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-023-3051-y

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