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Changes in the mountain glaciers of continental Russia during the twentieth to twenty-first centuries

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Abstract

Mountain glaciers currently exist in 18 mountainous regions of the continental part of Russia. They occupy a total area of about 3480 km2. Almost all the glaciers in these mountainous areas have receded over the past few decades. The process of glacier retreat leads to landscape change in the glacier zone and can also lead to increased risks of hazards and natural disasters. The existing research on the current state of glaciers and their changes helps us to understand the mechanisms of the changes and to improve forecasts and adaptation strategies. This article presents a review of mountain glacier change estimates in continental Russia over the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The sources for the estimates include satellite imagery, topographic maps, field research results, and scientific publications. The results of our analysis demonstrate that changes in the main climatic factors, i.e., air temperature and precipitation, determine the general trend in glacier changes in Russia’s mountainous regions. Glacier reductions for the second part of twentieth century range from 10.6% (Kamchatka) to 69% (the Koryak Highlands). The differences in the rate and the direction of glacier changes depend on local orographic and climatic features.

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Acknowledgements

The paper includes the results obtained within the framework of the research project no. 0148-2014-0007 of the Research Plan of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Basic Reseach Program of the Presidium Russian Academy of Sciences and the research projects supported by the Russian Geographical Society (no. 05/2017/RGS-RFBR) and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (no. 17-55-80107). We would like to thank Dr. Alexei Grachev for the help with translation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Staromonetniy pereulok 29, Moscow, Russia

    Tatiana Khromova, Gennady Nosenko, Stanislav Nikitin, Anton Muraviev, Valeria Popova & Ludmila Chernova

  2. Department of Geography, Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia

    Vera Kidyaeva

Authors
  1. Tatiana Khromova
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  2. Gennady Nosenko
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  3. Stanislav Nikitin
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  4. Anton Muraviev
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  5. Valeria Popova
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  6. Ludmila Chernova
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  7. Vera Kidyaeva
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tatiana Khromova.

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Khromova, T., Nosenko, G., Nikitin, S. et al. Changes in the mountain glaciers of continental Russia during the twentieth to twenty-first centuries. Reg Environ Change 19, 1229–1247 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1446-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-018-1446-z

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