Abstract
In rapidly growing urban areas, it is deemed vital to expand (or contract) an existing network of public facilities to meet anticipated changes in the level of demand. We present a multi-period capacitated median model for school network facility location planning that minimizes transportation costs, while functional costs are subject to a budget constraint. The proposed Vintage Flexible Capacitated Location Problem (ViFCLP) has the flexibility to account for a minimum school-age closing requirement, while the maximum capacity of each school can be adjusted by the addition of modular units. Non-closest assignments are controlled by the introduction of a parameter penalizing excess travel. The applicability of the ViFCLP is illustrated on a large US school system (Charlotte-Mecklenburg, North Carolina) where high school demand is expected to grow faster with distance to the city center. Higher school capacities and greater penalty on travel impedance parameter reduce the number of non-closest assignments. The proposed model is beneficial to policy makers seeking to improve the provision and efficiency of public services over a multi-period planning horizon.
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Notes
CMS provides public education in the fourth fastest growing metropolitan area in the United States (US Census 2010).
http://www.charlotteobserver.com/2010/11/10/1825785/move-to-put-off-cms-vote-fails.html, last accessed: October 11, 2013.
Since 2008, Bailey Road (j = 20) and Rocky River (j = 21) High Schools have been added to the network, while Garinger (j = 15) was threatened of closure and Waddell High School (j = 14) closed.
c E jm can also be negative, that is, there is a benefit to closing a school. This would be the case if the building or the land can be put back into the market.
Since a percentage of the local demand can easily be met with this new addition, the roles of Hopewell High School (j = 1) and North Meck High School (j = 2) fade: several of the students who were previously assigned to those schools are now bussed to Stumpton High School.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the Center for Operations Research and Econometrics, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium, which made it possible for the first author to reside at CORE during the Summer 2011. In addition, we appreciate the feedback we received from Scott McCully who is the Executive Director of Planning and Student Placement for Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools, as well as three anonymous referees, who helped us improve a first version of our paper. The first and second author acknowledge support from the Renaissance Computing Institute of North Carolina.
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Delmelle, E.M., Thill, JC., Peeters, D. et al. A multi-period capacitated school location problem with modular equipment and closest assignment considerations. J Geogr Syst 16, 263–286 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-013-0195-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10109-013-0195-2