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Photobiomodulation therapy was more effective than photobiomodulation plus arginine on accelerating wound healing in an animal model of delayed healing wound

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Abstract

The combined and individual influences of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and arginine on wound strength, stereological parameters, and gene expressions of some related growth factors in ischemic and delayed healing wounds in rats were analyzed. We divided 108 rats into six groups: control, lower energy density (LOW)-PBMT, 2% arginine ointment (Arg 2%), LOW-PBMT + Arg 2%, high energy density (HIGH)-PBMT, and HIGH-PBMT + Arg 2%. First, we generated an ischemic and delayed healing wound model in each rat. We examined wound strength, stereological parameters, and gene expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). PBMT alone and PBMT + Arg 2% considerably increased wound strength compared to the control and Arg 2% groups during the inflammatory and proliferative steps of wound healing (p < 0.05). In these steps, PBMT alone significantly induced an anti-inflammatory effect and increased fibroblast counts; Arg 2% alone induced an inflammatory response (p < 0.05). Concurrently, PBMT and PBMT + Arg 2% significantly increased keratinocyte counts and volume of the new dermis (p < 0.05). At the remodeling step, the Arg 2% groups had significantly better wound strength than the other groups (p < 0.05). In this step, PBMT and PBMT + Arg 2% significantly decreased inflammation, and increased fibroblast counts, vascular length, and the volume of new epidermis and dermis compared to the control and Arg 2% groups (p < 0.05). In all cases of gene analysis, there were statistically better results in the PBMT and PBMT + Arg 2% groups compared with the Arg 2% and control groups (p < 0.05). The anti-inflammatory and repairing effects of PBMT on an ischemic and delayed healing wound model in rats were shown by significant improvements in wound strength, stereological parameters, and gene expressions of bFGF, VEGF-A, and SDF-1α.

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Data availability

Supplementary files provide some of the statistical analyses for the stereological and gene expression assessments.

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Funding

Research reported in this publication was in part supported by Elite Researcher Grant Committee under award number [971122] from the National Institutes for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran, in part by Dr Atarodsadat Mostafavinia and Dr Mohammad Bayat. Dr. Sufan Chien was supported in part by NIH grant DK105692.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Atarodsadat Mostafavinia

  2. Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (SBMU), Tehran, Iran

    Abdollah Amini, Ensieh Sajadi, Houssein Ahmadi & Mohammad Bayat

  3. University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA

    Fatemehalsadat Rezaei

  4. Department of Statistics, University of Qom, Qom, Iran

    Seyed Kamran Ghoreishi

  5. Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville, and 6, Noveratech LLC of Louisville, Louisville, USA

    Sufan Chien & Mohammad Bayat

Authors
  1. Atarodsadat Mostafavinia
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  2. Abdollah Amini
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  3. Ensieh Sajadi
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  4. Houssein Ahmadi
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  5. Fatemehalsadat Rezaei
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  6. Seyed Kamran Ghoreishi
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  7. Sufan Chien
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  8. Mohammad Bayat
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Correspondence to Sufan Chien or Mohammad Bayat.

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The IRB of National Institute for Medical Research Development (NIMAD), Tehran, Iran (file no: IR.NIMAD.REC.1397.256) approved all this study and its experiments.

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Mostafavinia, A., Amini, A., Sajadi, E. et al. Photobiomodulation therapy was more effective than photobiomodulation plus arginine on accelerating wound healing in an animal model of delayed healing wound. Lasers Med Sci 37, 403–415 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03271-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-021-03271-8

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