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Effects of heating by steam autoclaving and Er:YAG laser etching on dentin components

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Abstract

The simultaneous need for infection-control protocols in sample preparations and for safe laser irradiation parameters prompted this study about the effects of heat produced by both sample sterilization and laser etching on dentin components. The dentin was exposed on 30 bovine incisors, and then divided into two main groups: autoclaved (group A) or thymol treatment (group B). The surface of the dentin was schematically divided into four areas, with each one corresponding to a treatment subgroup. The specimens were either etched with phosphoric acid (control-CG) or irradiated with Er:YAG laser (subgroups: I-80 mJ, II-120 mJ, and III-180 mJ). Elemental distribution maps were done by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (μ-EDXRF) on each treatment area. The dentin surface in depth was exposed and line-scan maps were performed. The B_CG treatment produced the best distribution of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content throughout the dentin surface. Er:YAG laser etching produced irregular patterns of elemental distribution in the dentin. Laser energies of 120 and 180 mJ produced the highest maximum calcium values. The Er:YAG laser energy of 180 mJ produced a localized increase in Ca and P content on the superficial layer of the dentin (∼0–0.10 mm). The autoclaving treatment of samples in experiments is not recommended since it produced damaging effects on dentin components. Er:YAG laser irradiation produced a heterogeneous Ca and P distribution throughout the dentin surface with areas of increased Ca concentration, and this may affect clinically the permeability, solubility, or adhesive characteristics of dental hard tissues with restorative procedures.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo for the X-ray microfluorescence equipment (Grant no. 2005/50811-9).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UNIVAP, Dental Materials and Operative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luís Eduardo S. Soares

  2. UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy, LEVB, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luís Eduardo S. Soares, Ana Maria E. Santo & Airton A. Martin

  3. Brugnera-Zanin Institute, São Paulo, Brazil

    Aldo Brugnera Junior & Fátima A. A. Zanin

  4. UNIVAP, Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, IP&D, Laboratório de Espectroscopia Vibracional Biomédica, LEVB, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, Av. Shishima Hifumi, 2911, Urbanova, CEP 12244-000, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luís Eduardo S. Soares

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  1. Luís Eduardo S. Soares
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  2. Aldo Brugnera Junior
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  3. Fátima A. A. Zanin
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  4. Ana Maria E. Santo
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Correspondence to Luís Eduardo S. Soares.

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Soares, L.E.S., Brugnera Junior, A., Zanin, F.A.A. et al. Effects of heating by steam autoclaving and Er:YAG laser etching on dentin components. Lasers Med Sci 26, 605–613 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0814-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-010-0814-9

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