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Global burden of MDR-TB and XDR-TB attributable to high fasting plasma glucose from 1990 to 2019: a retrospective analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019

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Abstract

Purpose

High fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) has been identified as a risk factor for drug-resistant tuberculosis incidence and mortality. However, the epidemic characteristics of HFPG-attributable multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) remain unclear. We aimed to analyze the global spatial patterns and temporal trends of HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 project, annual deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB were conducted from 1990 to 2019. Joinpoint regression was employed to quantify trends over time.

Results

From 1990 to 2019, the deaths and DALYs due to HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB globally showed an overall increasing trend, with a significant increase until 2003 to 2004, followed by a gradual decline or stability thereafter. The low sociodemographic index (SDI) region experienced the most significant increase over the past 30 years. Regionally, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central Asia and Oceania remained the highest burden. Furthermore, there was a sex and age disparity in the burden of HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB, with young males in the 25–34 age group experiencing higher mortality, DALYs burden and a faster increasing trend than females. Interestingly, an increasing trend followed by a stable or decreasing pattern was observed in the ASMR and ASDR of HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB with SDI increasing.

Conclusion

The burden of HFPG-attributable MDR-TB and XDR-TB rose worldwide from 1990 to 2019. These findings emphasize the importance of routine bi-directional screening and integrated management for drug-resistant TB and diabetes.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available in the [Global Health Data Exchange GBD Results Tool] repository, [http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool].

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to Xiao Ming (Xiaoming_room@hotmail.com) for his work in the GBD database. His excellent sharing of GBD database analysis procedure and other public database, makes it easier for us to explore the GBD database.

Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (Grant No. 2020JO-508).

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  1. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, No. 277, West Yanta Road, Xian, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China

    Yuqian Chen, Jin Liu, Qianqian Zhang, Huan Chen, Limin Chai, Yan Wang, Jia Zhang, Yuanjie Qiu, Nirui Shen, Xiangyu Shi, Qingting Wang, Jian Wang, Shaojun Li & Manxiang Li

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  1. Yuqian Chen
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Contributions

YC: collecting data, analyzing data, writing the manuscript. JL, QZ, QW, LC, HC, JZ, YQ, YW, YS, JW, SL, ML: writing the manuscript, submitting to the publication. revising the manuscript. All authors contributed to manuscript revision, read and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Manxiang Li.

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Chen, Y., Liu, J., Zhang, Q. et al. Global burden of MDR-TB and XDR-TB attributable to high fasting plasma glucose from 1990 to 2019: a retrospective analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2019. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 43, 747–765 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-024-04779-x

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