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Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A from carriers and invasive disease: virulence gene profile and pathogenicity in a Galleria mellonella model

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Abstract 

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the presence of genes related to surface proteins between isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from healthy carriers (HC) and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) with a particular focus on serotype 19A.

Methods

The presence of these genes was identified by real-time PCR. Subsequently, we employed the Galleria mellonella larval infection model to study their effect on pathogenicity in vivo.

Results

The percentage of selected virulence genes was similar between the HC and IPD groups (p > 0.05), and the genes lytA, nanB, pavA, pcpA, phtA, phtB, phtE, rrgA, and sipA were all present in both groups. However, the virulence profile of the isolates differed individually between HC and IPD groups. The highest lethality in G. mellonella was for IPD isolates (p < 0.01), even when the virulence profile was the same as compared to the HC isolates or when the nanA, pspA, pspA-fam1, and pspC genes were not present.

Conclusions

The occurrence of the investigated virulence genes was similar between HC and IPD S. pneumoniae serotype 19A groups. However, the IPD isolates showed a higher lethality in the alternative G. mellonella model than the HC isolates, regardless of the virulence gene composition, indicating that other virulence factors may play a decisive role in virulence. Currently, this is the first report using the in vivo G. mellonella model to study the virulence of clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae.

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Data availability

All relevant data are available in the manuscript.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

We thankfully acknowledge Nicole Hiller Bondarczuk for the technical assistance in G. mellonella laboratory housing, Grasiela Agnes for helping us with the amplicon sequencing, and the UFCSPA Research Support Nucleus, especially Cristiane Bündchen from Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação (Nupesq) – PROPPG by the statistical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq/Brazil—Universal grant number 443150/2014–1 and fellowships—process number 88887.597507/2021–00 and grant number 308617/2021–5) and by the Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS/Brazil—PRONEM process number 1871–25511/13–4 and Public Notice FAPERGS/MS/CNPq/SESRS n. 03/2017—PPSUS—grant agreement 17/2551–0001453-7) and also to UFCSPA (Programa de fomento a realização de projetos de pesquisa na UFCSPA—07/2020/PROPPG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Microbiologia Molecular, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde (PPGCS), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brasil

    Josiane Trevisol Leal, Muriel Primon-Barros, Amanda de Carvalho Robaina, Kauana Pizzutti, Mariana Preussler Mott & Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias

  2. Laboratório de Bacteriologia & Modelos Experimentais Alternativos, Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências (PPGBIO), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

    Josiane Trevisol Leal & Danielle Silva Trentin

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Contributions

Josiane Trevisol Leal: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Amanda de Carvalho Robaina: investigation and visualization. Kauana Pizzutti: investigation, resources, and visualization. Mariana Preussler Mott: investigation, resources, and visualization. Muriel Primon-Barros: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Danielle Silva Trentin: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition. Cícero Armídio Gomes Dias: conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, resources, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Danielle Silva Trentin.

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Leal, J.T., Primon-Barros, M., de Carvalho Robaina, A. et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A from carriers and invasive disease: virulence gene profile and pathogenicity in a Galleria mellonella model. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 42, 399–411 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-023-04560-6

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