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Post-endovascular treatment, blood-brain barrier disruption, predicts patient outcomes better than pre-treatment status

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Abstract

Objectives

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is an important pathological change after cerebral infarction that exacerbates brain injury. We aimed to investigate and compare the predictive utility of pre-treatment BBB permeability (BBBP) and BBBP within 1 h after endovascular treatment (EVT) for hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and 90-day prognosis.

Methods

Patients underwent preoperative computed tomography perfusion (CTP) and non-contrast CT (NCCT) within 1 h after EVT. Preoperative BBBP was determined by the relative permeability surface area product (rPS) in the hypoperfusion area. Postoperative BBBP was determined by the post-EVT Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (Post-ASPECTS), which is based on brain parenchymal hyperdensity on the postoperative NCCT.

Outcomes

We included 100 patients. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed correlations of preoperative rPS with HT, poor outcomes, and death. However, these correlations were not observed in multivariate logistic regression. A Post-ASPECTS ≤7 and could independently predict poor outcomes, while Post-ASPECTS ≤6 could independently predict death and HT. The baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score could independently predict poor outcomes and death but not HT. A combined model using the baseline NIHSS and Post-ASPECTS scores had better predictive performance for poor outcomes and death than baseline NIHSS score alone; however, it was not superior to the predictive performance of the Post-ASPECTS score.

Conclusion

The preoperative rPS cannot independently predict clinical outcomes in EVT-treated patients; contrastingly, the Post-ASPECTS score could independently predict poor outcomes, death, and HT. This parameter could inform prompt postoperative treatment decisions.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81870918), the Research Fund Project of Anhui Medical University (2022xkj142), and the Key Project of the Research Foundation of Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine (No.2023zhyx-B04).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China

    Huazheng Zhai, Yao Li, Ruiqi Jia, Jun Cao, Qiang Wei, Weimin Yang & Jingye Wang

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  1. Huazheng Zhai
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  2. Yao Li
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Correspondence to Weimin Yang or Jingye Wang.

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Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University(reference number: Quick-PJ 2023-14-56).

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Zhai, H., Li, Y., Jia, R. et al. Post-endovascular treatment, blood-brain barrier disruption, predicts patient outcomes better than pre-treatment status. Neurol Sci (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-024-07468-x

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