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Disorders of arousal and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy — overview and challenges night is a battlefield of sleep and arousal promoting forces

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Abstract

Arousability and reactivity to sensory stimuli are essential features of sleep, discriminating it from coma and keeping the sleeper in contact with the environment. Arousals and oscillations during sleep serve the reversibility of sleep and carry an alarm function awakening the sleeper in danger. In this review, we will explore mechanisms and circuits involved in arousal intrusions within the sleep texture, focusing on the significance of these phenomena in two sleep-related conditions: NREM sleep parasomnias and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. Knowledges and gaps in the field are discussed.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the anonymous reviewer for his/her improving suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Szentagothai János School of Ph.D Studies, Clinical Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Péter Halász

  2. Department of Behavioral Sciences, National Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

    Anna Szűcs

  3. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Sleep Disorders Center, University Hospital of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126, Parma, Italy

    Carlotta Mutti & Liborio Parrino

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  1. Péter Halász
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Halász, P., Szűcs, A., Mutti, C. et al. Disorders of arousal and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy — overview and challenges night is a battlefield of sleep and arousal promoting forces. Neurol Sci 43, 927–937 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-021-05857-0

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