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Elevated serum IL-11, TNF α, and VEGF expressions contribute to the pathophysiology of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH)

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Abstract

To study the changes in serum interleukin-11 (IL-11), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions following hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH), and explore their associations with disease severity and prognosis. Serum IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF levels after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after HICH were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and neurological deficit score (NDS) were recorded at admission and discharge for 99 HICH cases. Then 45 healthy controls were included and assayed for serum IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF levels. Serum IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF levels were higher in HICH patients than healthy controls (all P < 0.05). TNF-α was higher at the 3rd day following disease onset than other time points (all P < 0.05), while IL-11 and VEGF peaked at the 7th day and dropped below baseline values at the 14th day (all P < 0.05). Serum IL-11 was positively correlated with TNF-α (r = 0.70, P < 0.05) and VEGF (r = 0.72, P < 0.05). Serum TNF-α was positively correlated with VEGF (r = 0.46, P < 0.05). Serum IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF were associated with disease severity in HICH patients. Patients with more severe disease tended to have higher NDS at admission, and higher IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF during treatment were associated with higher NDS at discharge. Serum IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF may involve in the pathophysiology of HICH, thus IL-11, TNF-α, and VEGF may be prognostic factors for post HICH neurologic damage.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to acknowledge the helpful comments on this paper received from our reviewers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Zhuji People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province, No. 9 Jianmin Road, Taozhu Street, Zhuji, 311800, People’s Republic of China

    Gang Yang & Gao-Feng Shao

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  1. Gang Yang
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  2. Gao-Feng Shao
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Correspondence to Gang Yang.

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Yang, G., Shao, GF. Elevated serum IL-11, TNF α, and VEGF expressions contribute to the pathophysiology of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). Neurol Sci 37, 1253–1259 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-016-2576-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-016-2576-z

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