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Systemic polyarteritis nodosa associated with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection

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Abstract

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare cause of systemic vasculitis in children, affecting medium and small-sized arteries. We report on a patient who presented with prolonged fever, shock, acute renal failure with nephrotic range proteinuria, hypertension, and sudden deterioration of consciousness. Cranial tomography revealed a left extensive hemorrhagic lesion. Renal biopsy revealed a large fibrinoid necrosis lesion consistent with PAN. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection of EBV DNA. The patient was successfully treated with oral prednisolone and intravenous pulse of cyclophosphamide. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of c-PAN related to active EBV infection.

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Correspondence to Teresa Caldeira.

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Caldeira, T., Meireles, C., Cunha, F. et al. Systemic polyarteritis nodosa associated with acute Epstein-Barr virus infection. Clin Rheumatol 26, 1733–1735 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-006-0486-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-006-0486-9

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