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Hydro-mechanically coupled finite-element analysis of the stability of a fractured-rock slope using the equivalent continuum approach: a case study of planned reservoir banks in Blaubeuren, Germany

Analyse couplée hydromécanique aux éléments finis de la stabilité d’un versant de roches fracturées en utilisant l’approche du continuum équivalent: cas d’étude des berges d’un futur réservoir à Blaubeuren, Allemagne

Análisis de elementos finitos acoplado hidromecánicamente de la estabilidad de una pendiente de roca fracturada usando el enfoque de continuo equivalente: un estudio de caso de las márgenes del embalse planificado en Blaubeuren, Alemania

采用等值连续统方法对断裂岩石边坡稳定性进行水文力学上耦合的有限元分析:德国布劳博伊伦地区一个计划作为水库岸边的研究实例

Análise por elementos finitos acoplados hidro-mecânicamente da estabilidade de encostas de rocha fraturadas usando a abordagem equivalente contínua: um estudo de caso de margens de reservatórios planejados de Blaubeuren, Alemanha

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Abstract

Construction works associated with the building of reservoirs in mountain areas can damage the stability of adjacent valley slopes. Seepage processes caused by the filling and drawdown operations of reservoirs also affect the stability of the reservoir banks over time. The presented study investigates the stability of a fractured-rock slope subjected to seepage forces in the lower basin of a planned pumped-storage hydropower (PSH) plant in Blaubeuren, Germany. The investigation uses a hydro-mechanically coupled finite-element analyses. For this purpose, an equivalent continuum model is developed by using a representative elementary volume (REV) approach. To determine the minimum required REV size, a large number of discrete fracture networks are generated using Monte Carlo simulations. These analyses give a REV size of 28 × 28 m, which is sufficient to represent the equivalent hydraulic and mechanical properties of the investigated fractured-rock mass. The hydro-mechanically coupled analyses performed using this REV size show that the reservoir operations in the examined PSH plant have negligible effect on the adjacent valley slope.

Résumé

Les travaux associés à la construction de réservoirs dans les zones montagneuses peuvent endommager la stabilité des versants des vallées adjacentes. Les processus de suintement causés par les opérations de remplissage et de vidange des réservoirs affectent aussi la stabilité des berges du réservoir au cours du temps. L’étude présentée investigue la stabilité d’un versant de roche fracturée soumis à des forces de suintement dans le bassin inférieur d’une future usine hydroélectrique de type pompage-stockage (PSH), à Blaubeuren, Allemagne. L’étude utilise des analyses couplées hydromécaniques aux éléments finis. Dans cet objectif, un modèle de continuum équivalent est. développé en utilisant une approche de Volume Elémentaire Représentatif (VER). Pour déterminer la taille du VER minimal requis, un grand nombre de réseaux de fractures discrètes est. généré au moyen de simulations de Monte Carlo. Ces analyses donnent une taille de VER de 28 × 28 m, qui est. suffisante pour représenter les propriétés mécaniques et hydrauliques équivalentes de la masse de roches fracturées étudiée. Les analyses couplées hydromécaniques réalisées en utilisant cette taille de VER montrent que le fonctionnement du réservoir dans l’usine PSH étudiée a un effet négligeable sur le versant de la vallée adjacente.

Resumen

Los trabajos asociados con la construcción de embalses en áreas de montaña pueden dañar la estabilidad de las laderas adyacentes del valle. Los procesos de filtración causados ​​por las operaciones de llenado y reducción de los embalses también afectan la estabilidad de las márgenes del embalse con el tiempo. El estudio presentado investiga la estabilidad de una pendiente de roca fracturada sometida a fuerzas de filtración en la cuenca inferior de una planta hidroeléctrica de almacenamiento por bombeo (PSH) planificada en Blaubeuren, Alemania. La investigación utiliza un análisis hidromecánicamente acoplado de elementos finitos. Para este propósito, se desarrolla un modelo continuo utilizando un enfoque de volumen elemental representativo (REV). Para determinar el tamaño REV mínimo requerido, se genera una gran cantidad de redes de fracturas discretas usando simulaciones de Monte Carlo. Estos análisis dan un tamaño REV de 28 × 28 m, que es suficiente para representar las propiedades mecánicas e hidráulicas equivalentes de la masa de roca fracturada investigada. Los análisis acoplados hidromecánicamente realizados usando este tamaño REV muestran que las operaciones del embalse en la planta PSH examinada tienen un efecto insignificante en la pendiente del valle adyacente.

摘要

与山区建设水库相关的建设工程可损害毗邻山谷边坡的稳定性。随着时间的 推移,水库的充水和减低水位操作引起的渗漏过程也影响水库边坡的稳定性。这里所介绍的研究调查了德国布劳博伊伦地区一个计划作为抽水蓄能水电站下游遭受渗漏力的断裂岩石边坡的稳定性。调查采用了水文力学上耦合的有限元分析方法。为此,采用代表性的体积单位方法建立了等值连续统模型。为了确定最小的所需体积单位大小,采用Monte Carlo模拟方法建立大量的离散断裂网络。这些分析得出的体积单位大小为28 × 28米,足以展示出所调查的断裂岩石体的等量水力和力学特性。采用体积单位大小进行的水文力学上耦合分析显示,检查过的抽水蓄能发电站水库运行对毗邻山谷边坡的影响微不足道。

Resumo

Trabalhos associados com a construção de reservatórios em áreas montanhosas podem danificar a estabilidade de encostas de vales adjacentes. Os processos de infiltração causados pelas operações de enchimento e de rebaixamento de reservatórios também afetam a estabilidade de margens dos reservatórios ao longo do tempo. O estudo apresentado investiga a estabilidade de uma encosta de rocha fraturada sujeita a forças de infiltração em uma bacia inferior de uma usina tipo Central Hidroelétrica Reversível (CHR) planejada em Blaubeuren, Alemanha. A investigação usou uma análise de elementos finitos acoplados hidro-mecanicamente. Para este fim, um modelo continuo equivalente é desenvolvido para utilizar uma abordagem do volume elementar representativo (VER). Para determinar o tamanho mínimo exigido do VER, um grande número de redes discretas de fraturas são geradas usando a simulações de Monte Carlo. Estas análises dão um tamanho do VER de 28 × 28 m, que é suficiente para representar as propriedades hidráulicas e mecânicas equivalentes da massa de rochas fraturada investigada. As análises hidro-mecanicamente acoplada realizadas utilizando este tamanho de VER mostram que a operação do reservatório na usina CHR examinada tem efeito negligenciável na encosta do vale adjacente.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for the presented report was provided through the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41702297) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China (2016QN4019).

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Correspondence to Mei Dong.

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Song, J., Dong, M., Koltuk, S. et al. Hydro-mechanically coupled finite-element analysis of the stability of a fractured-rock slope using the equivalent continuum approach: a case study of planned reservoir banks in Blaubeuren, Germany. Hydrogeol J 26, 803–817 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1694-x

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