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Halogen bonds and other noncovalent interactions in the crystal structures of trans-1,2-diiodo alkenes: an ab initio and QTAIM study

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Abstract

A series of interatomic interactions interpretable as halogen bonds involving I…I, I…O, and I…C(π), as well as the noncovalent interactions I…H and O…O, were observed in the crystal structures of trans-1,2-diiodoolefins dimers according to ab initio calculations and the quantum theory of “atoms in molecules” (QTAIM) method. The interplay between each type of halogen bond and other noncovalent interactions was studied systematically in terms of bond length, electrostatic potential, and interaction energy, which are calculated via ab initio methods at the B3LYP-D3/6-311++G(d,p) and B3LYP-D3/def2-TZVP levels of theory. Characteristics and nature of the halogen bonds and other noncovalent interactions, including the topological properties of the electron density, the charge transfer, and their strengthening or weakening, were analyzed by means of both QTAIM and “natural bond order” (NBO). These computational methods provide additional insight into observed intermolecular interactions and are utilized to explain the differences seen in the crystal structures.

The contour map presents the regions of electronic concentration and depletion along each bond in one dimer. The blue points denote the BCPs. The blue lines denote positive Laplacian of electron density, which indicate the ionic interactions, van der Waals or intermolecular interactions, and the red lines denote negative Laplacian of electron density which indicate the covalent bonds.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. lzujbky-2019-cd05), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81973786), and the Science Foundation of Guangxi (AA17204096, AD16380076).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Science & Engineering, Lanzhou University, No.222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Yongna Yuan, Fuyang Li, Yuhong Du, Jiaxuan Wei & Wei Su

  2. 3M Corporate Research Analytical Laboratory, Saint Paul, MN, 55114, USA

    Matthew J. L. Mills

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  1. Yongna Yuan
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  2. Matthew J. L. Mills
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  3. Fuyang Li
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Correspondence to Yongna Yuan.

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Yuan, Y., Mills, M.J.L., Li, F. et al. Halogen bonds and other noncovalent interactions in the crystal structures of trans-1,2-diiodo alkenes: an ab initio and QTAIM study. J Mol Model 26, 331 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-020-04591-2

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