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The association between periodontitis patients’ chief complaints and the stage of periodontitis: A clinical retrospective study

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Abstract

Objectives

The purposes of this retrospective study were to investigate the prevalence of various periodontal chief complaints (pCCs) of patients, diagnosed with periodontitis, as well as to identify the association between pCCs and periodontal parameters or periodontitis staging according to AAP/EFP 2017 classification.

Materials and methods

Five hundred eighty-nine patients, applied to the clinic with pCCs, were screened. The demographic characteristics, smoking status, brushing behaviors, history of periodontal therapy, medical data, and periodontal parameters were obtained. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the most common pCCs and co-variables among the indicators of Stage III and IV periodontitis.

Results

In Stage IV periodontitis, patients with pCC of mobility were observed the most (26.8%), and pCC of halitosis were the least (7.3%). Among all pCCs of patients, those with the pCC of gingival enlargement and tooth mobility had the highest percentage of sites with PPD ≥ 4 mm and CAL ≥ 5 mm, respectively (p < .001). According to regression analysis, those with pCC of gingival bleeding, recession and mobility were more likely to be in Stage IV than those in Stage I/II.

Conclusion

Among pCCs, only patients with pCCs of mobility, gingival recession and bleeding are related to periodontitis staging. Moreover, the extent of periodontal pockets in patients with pCC of gingival enlargement, and the extent of attachment loss in patients with pCC of mobility are greater than other patients.

Clinical relevance

New machine-learning technology models can be developed with the aim of classifying the patients based on their chief complaints, to support diagnosing the severity of periodontal diseases.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Emel Ökte, from the Department of Periodontology, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, who edited together in the organization of the periodontal indexes and anamnesis in the clinic before receiving the retrospective data. The authors dedicate this article to the memory of all those who lost their lives and to all people affected due to the devastating earthquake hitting Türkiye on February 6, 2023.

Funding

The authors declared that this study has received no financial support. This study did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Bişkek Caddesi, 1.Sokak No. 4, 06490, Ankara, Türkiye

    Sühan Gürbüz

  2. Vocational School of Health Care Services, İstinye University, İstanbul, Türkiye

    Merve Altıkat

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Contributions

SG planned and designed the research, wrote, and reviewed the manuscript. MA was responsible for obtaining ethical approval, and preparing data for statistical analysis. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sühan Gürbüz.

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Ethical approval

Ethics committee approval was received for this study from the ethics committee of the Human Subjects Review Board of Gazi University (approval No: GUEC 2020–466).

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Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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No conflict of interest was declared by the authors.

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Periodontal chief complaints and periodontal status

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Gürbüz, S., Altıkat, M. The association between periodontitis patients’ chief complaints and the stage of periodontitis: A clinical retrospective study. Clin Oral Invest 27, 6261–6272 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05258-x

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