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Lateral static overload on immediately restored implants decreases the osteocyte index in peri-implant bone: a secondary analysis of a pre-clinical study in dogs

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Abstract

Objectives

This animal study was conducted to evaluate the osteocyte index in the peri-implant bone around immediately restored implants under static lateral overload.

Material and methods

Seven mongrel dogs received three implants on each side of the mandible. Forty-two implants were distributed into three groups (14 implants per group); each animal received two implants connected to a 4.5-mm opened expansion device (experimental group); in the other mandible side, two implants were connected into an expansion device without activation (control group); one implant each side of the mandible was left submerged (unload group). After 4 months under daily mechanical and chemical plaque control, the animals were euthanized; dental implants and surrounding bone were removed and processed to obtain thin ground sections. Histomorphometry was used to evaluate the osteocyte index in the peri-implant bone contact to implant.

Results

A higher, statistically significant mean number of osteocytes × 10−5 μm2 (54.74 ± 23.91) was found in the control group compared with the test group (22.57 ± 22.55) (p = 0.0221). The correlation between percentage of bone-implant contact and osteocyte index for submerged implants was not statistically significant (p = 0.2667), whereas the value for immediately loaded implants was statistically significant (p = 0.0480).

Conclusion

The lower number of osteocytes in the peri-implant bone around overloaded implants could be related to the need for functional adaptation of the bone tissue to overloading and to the hypothesized involvement of the osteocytes in the maintenance of the bone matrix in the control group.

Clinical relevance

Osteocytes play a pivotal role in bone adaptation to mechanical loading, and the osteocyte network has been regarded as being the main mechanosensory mechanism.

Graphical Abstract

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, Univeritas UNG, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil

    Celson Domingos de Calais, Dimorvan Bordin, Alexandre Negretto & Jamil A. Shibli

  2. Univeritas UNG, Praça Tereza Cristina, 01 – Centro, Guarulhos, SP, 07023-070, Brazil

    Dimorvan Bordin

  3. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy

    Adriano Piattelli & Giovanna Iezzi

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  1. Celson Domingos de Calais
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Contributions

C. D. C, D. B, A. P, G. I, A.N., and J.A.S wrote the draft, conducted the experiment, collected data, and wrote the manuscript. J.A.S was the leader responsible for the conception and quality standards of the manuscript. All authors have approved the final version of this document.

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Correspondence to Dimorvan Bordin.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All applicable international guidelines for the care and use of animals were complied with according to the Institutional Animal Care Guidelines of the University of Guarulhos and Veterinary School of University of Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.

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de Calais, C.D., Bordin, D., Piattelli, A. et al. Lateral static overload on immediately restored implants decreases the osteocyte index in peri-implant bone: a secondary analysis of a pre-clinical study in dogs. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3297–3303 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03662-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03662-1

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