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Immunological profile of periapical endodontic infection in patients undergoing haematopoietic transplantation

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the mRNA expression levels of cytokines interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin IL-1β, IL-10, and the chemokine CCL2/MCP-1, CCL4, and CXCR4 in the periapical interstitial fluid from root canal infections before and after bacterial load reduction in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Materials and methods

The case group was composed of 10 patients undergoing HSCT, and our control group included 10 healthy patients. Clinical samples were taken from teeth with pulp necrosis. Three paper points were placed in the RCS and maintained for 2 min for microbial evaluation before cleaning and shaping procedures. After cleaning and drying the canal, three paper points were introduced into the root canal, passing passively through the root apex (2 mm) into the periapical tissues for 1 min. Samples were collected immediately after root canal cleaning and 7 days later (restrained root canal bacterial load) to characterize gene expression using real-time PCR.

Results

The results showed significantly reduction in the microbial load on day 7. An increased expression level of TNF-α and IFN-γ on day 7 in control and case groups was observed (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-10 in the pre-HSCT group increased in the samples from day 7 (p < 0.05). The chemokine CCL-2/MCP-1 was not detected in pre-HSCT group. Chemokine receptor CXCR4 levels increased in samples obtained from the day 7 in the control group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Individuals undergoing HSTC presented similar cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression compared with healthy individuals. However, it was observed the total absence of mRNA MCP-1/CCL2 expression in those individuals undergoing HSCT.

Clinical relevance

Patients undergoing HSCT are at higher risk of infection. No study has analysed the periapical immune responses to root canal infections in HSCT individuals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors also wish to thank the post-graduate programme at the School of Dentistry of UFMG. LQV and APRS are CNPq fellows.

Funding

The work was supported by the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Julia Mourão Braga Diniz, Marcela Carvalho Espaladori, Maria Elisa e Souza Silva & Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho

  2. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculdades Padre Arnaldo Janssen, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Julia Mourão Braga Diniz

  3. Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Itaúna University, Itaúna, MG, Brazil

    Luciana Carla Neves de Brito

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Leda Quercia Vieira

  5. Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil

    Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho

Authors
  1. Julia Mourão Braga Diniz
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  2. Marcela Carvalho Espaladori
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  3. Maria Elisa e Souza Silva
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  4. Luciana Carla Neves de Brito
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  5. Leda Quercia Vieira
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  6. Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho
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Correspondence to Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Minas Gerais-CAAE: 54829414.7.0000.5149) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. 

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Braga Diniz, J.M., Espaladori, M.C., e Souza Silva, M.E. et al. Immunological profile of periapical endodontic infection in patients undergoing haematopoietic transplantation. Clin Oral Invest 25, 1403–1410 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03448-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03448-5

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