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Clinical and histological reaction of periodontal tissues to subgingival resin composite restorations

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Abstract

Objectives

To compare the clinical and histological response of supracrestal periodontal tissues to subgingival composite restorations versus natural root surfaces

Material and methods

In 29 subjects with a single tooth requiring subgingival restorations, a deep margin elevation (DME) procedure with composite resin was applied. Full-mouth plaque score (FMPS), full-mouth bleeding score (FMBS), and focal probing depth (PD) were measured at baseline, before DME, and after 3 months. The distance between the coronal marked (CM) point to the apical margin of the composite reconstruction (AMR), at baseline, and to the tip of the periodontal probe inserted to reach the bottom of the sulcus (APP), 3 months later, was measured. An all-around secondary flap, harvested to ensure the subsequent single-crown prosthetic rehabilitation was histologically processed. The histological inflammation degree was evaluated in areas of gingival tissues adjacent to the composite (group B) and adjacent to the natural surface of each single tooth (group A).

Results

Significant FMPS, FMBS, and PD decreases were observed (p < 0.05). CM-AMR and CM-APP were significantly different (p < 0.05), suggesting an attachment gain after 3-months. The inflammation level of gingival tissue was similar in groups A and B (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

For the first time, this topic was clinically and histologically studied in humans. Subgingival restorations resulted compatible with gingival health, with levels similar to that of untreated root surfaces.

Clinical relevance

Deep margin elevation procedure produces favorable clinical and histological outcomes allowing a routine utilization in reconstructive dentistry.

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Funding

The Research University Fund (FAR) of the Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, supported this investigation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Surgery, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine Relevance, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Via del Pozzo 71,, 41124, Italy

    Carlo Bertoldi, Emanuela Monari, Luigi Generali & Andrea Lucchi

  2. European Research Group on Periodontology (ERGOPERIO), Bern, Switzerland

    Pierpaolo Cortellini

  3. Private Practice, Sassuolo, MO, Italy

    Sergio Spinato

  4. Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy

    Davide Zaffe

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  1. Carlo Bertoldi
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  2. Emanuela Monari
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  3. Pierpaolo Cortellini
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  4. Luigi Generali
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  5. Andrea Lucchi
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Correspondence to Luigi Generali.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Bertoldi, C., Monari, E., Cortellini, P. et al. Clinical and histological reaction of periodontal tissues to subgingival resin composite restorations. Clin Oral Invest 24, 1001–1011 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02998-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02998-7

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