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Microstructural volumetric analysis of lateral ridge augmentation using differently conditioned tooth roots

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Abstract

Objectives

Previous research revealed that autogenous tooth roots may be biologically equivalent to conventional bone grafts for lateral ridge augmentation. However, these analyses were limited to two dimensions, whereas healing is a volumetric process. The present study aimed at volumetrically assessing the microstructure following lateral ridge augmentation using extracted tooth roots.

Material and methods

The roots of differently conditioned maxillary premolars (i.e., healthy: PM-C; endodontically treated: PM-E; ligature-induced periodontitis: PM-P) and retromolar cortical autogenous bone (AB) blocks were used for lateral ridge augmentation at chronic-type defects in the lower quadrants of n = 16 foxhounds. At 12 weeks, titanium implants were inserted and left to heal for another 3 weeks. Tissue biopsies were scanned using microcomputed tomography (μCT), and volumes of interest were separated at the buccal and oral aspects to measure bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and connectivity density (Conn.D).

Results

All groups investigated revealed comparable BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.Sp, and Conn.D values at either the augmented buccal or pristine oral aspects, respectively. A gradual but heterogeneous replacement of grafts was observed in all groups, but residual PM fragments were particularly noted in PM-C and PM-P groups.

Conclusions

Differently conditioned PM and AB grafts were associated with a comparable bone microstructure within the grafted area. The duration of replacement resorption may vary considerably among the subjects.

Clinical relevance

Autogenous tooth roots may serve as potential alternative to AB for localized alveolar ridge augmentation.

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Funding

The study was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, Bonn, Germany).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Surgery, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Kathrin Becker, Katarina Jandik & Ilja Mihatovic

  2. Department of Orthodontics, University of Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Kathrin Becker & Dieter Drescher

  3. Scanco Medical AG, Brüttisellen, Switzerland

    Martin Stauber

  4. Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

    Frank Schwarz

Authors
  1. Kathrin Becker
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  2. Katarina Jandik
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  3. Martin Stauber
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  4. Ilja Mihatovic
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  5. Dieter Drescher
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  6. Frank Schwarz
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kathrin Becker.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

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Becker, K., Jandik, K., Stauber, M. et al. Microstructural volumetric analysis of lateral ridge augmentation using differently conditioned tooth roots. Clin Oral Invest 23, 3063–3071 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2723-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2723-4

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