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Reduced CD8+ T cells infiltration can be associated to a malignant transformation in potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions

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Abstract

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expressions of PD1, CD4+, and CD8+ in premalignant lesions (OPML) that were transformed into oral squamous cell carcinoma OSCC (OPML-OSCC), in OSCC and also in premalignant lesions that were not transformed into OSCC (OPML-NOSSC).

Materials and methods

Retrospective analyses were performed in order to verify the demographic characteristics of the patients. CD4, CD8, and PD1 IMH studies were carried out on OPML and OSCC samples from 11 patients with OPML-OSCC and OPML, together with samples from 14 patients with OPML-NOSCC. The differences between OPML-OSCC and OPML-NOSCC were analyzed.

Results

Non-homogenous leukoplakia, together with the related oral subsite, and the lack of an exposure to tobacco, were all associated with malignant transformations. There were no statistical differences in the PD1 expression and the CD4+ cells in OPML-OSCC and OPML-NOSCC. A significant increment in the CD8+ cells was noted in the OPML that evolved into carcinomas when compared with OPML-NOSCC (p = 0.05), whereas there were higher CD8+ cells levels in the carcinomas when compared with the OPML that evolved into carcinomas (p = 0.027).

Conclusions

CD8+ cells infiltrate more in OPML-NOSCC than in OPML-OSCC. Carcinoma is more infiltrated by CD8+ cells than its associated OPML.

Clinical relevance

Understanding immunological factors associated with malignant transformation of oral premalignant lesions can open a new way to treat this disease.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants from the FAPEMIG (Grant n. RED-00011-14).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Study Group on Head and Neck Cancer, São João del-Rei, Brazil

    Aline Lauda Freitas Chaves, Ana Gabriela Silva, Flávia Medeiros Maia, Luiz Fernando Barbosa de Paulo, Luciana Vieira Muniz, Hélio Batista dos Santos, João Marcos Arantes Soares, Alexandre Andrade Souza, Leandro Augusto de Oliveira Barbosa, Adriano Mota Loyola, Eddie Fernando Candido Murta, Márcia Antoniaze Michelin & Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro

  2. Universidade Federal de São João del Rei (UFSJ-CCO), R. Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400 – Chanadour, Divinópolis, MG, 35501-296, Brazil

    Aline Lauda Freitas Chaves, Ana Gabriela Silva, Flávia Medeiros Maia, Gabriela Francine Martins Lopes, Hélio Batista dos Santos, João Marcos Arantes Soares, Alexandre Andrade Souza, Leandro Augusto de Oliveira Barbosa & Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro

  3. Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil

    Luiz Fernando Barbosa de Paulo & Adriano Mota Loyola

  4. Combat Association to Cancer of Central west of Minas Gerais, Divinópolis, Brazil

    Luciana Vieira Muniz

  5. Institute of Oncology Research, Uberaba, Brazil

    Eddie Fernando Candido Murta & Márcia Antoniaze Michelin

Authors
  1. Aline Lauda Freitas Chaves
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  2. Ana Gabriela Silva
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  3. Flávia Medeiros Maia
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  4. Gabriela Francine Martins Lopes
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  6. Luciana Vieira Muniz
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  7. Hélio Batista dos Santos
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  8. João Marcos Arantes Soares
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  9. Alexandre Andrade Souza
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  10. Leandro Augusto de Oliveira Barbosa
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  11. Adriano Mota Loyola
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  12. Eddie Fernando Candido Murta
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  13. Márcia Antoniaze Michelin
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  14. Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro
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Contributions

RIMAR, LVM, ALFC conceptualized and designed the study; LVM, ALFC, JMAS, AML, and AAS performed clinical examinations of the patients; RIMAR, LVM, and AGS performed statistical analyses, analyzed and interpreted the data, and drafted the manuscript; RIMAR, EFCM, and MAM acquire financing; LFBP, GFL, and FMM executed the immunohistochemical analysis and revised the medical data. HBS contributed to the analysis, drafted illustration, and revised the manuscript. All authors revised the manuscript for important content and all authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro.

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Conflict of interest

The author declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The clinical data of the patients were obtained from the medical records. Informed consent was obtained from living patients and the study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study also was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Federal University of São João del-Rei, Brazil (Protocol Number: 940876–2015).

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all patients when alive, and the clinical data were obtained from the medical records. Since this was a retrospective archive study, the Ethics Committee waived the need for an informed consent, and a policy of strict anonymity and confidentiality were assured. All information obtained was used exclusively for the purpose of this study and was not shared with other individuals or organizations.

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Chaves, A.L.F., Silva, A.G., Maia, F.M. et al. Reduced CD8+ T cells infiltration can be associated to a malignant transformation in potentially malignant oral epithelial lesions. Clin Oral Invest 23, 1913–1919 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2622-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2622-8

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