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Occlusal, chewing, and tasting characteristics associated with orofacial dysfunctions in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate: a case-control study

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Abstract

Objective

The objective of this study is to assess the associations between orofacial dysfunctions with malocclusion, masticatory performance, and taste in children with and without unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP).

Material and methods

A patient-based, matched, case-control study was conducted involving 108 8- to 10-year-old children divided in UCLP and control groups. Orofacial dysfunctions were evaluated using the Nordic Orofacial Test-Screening (NOT-S). Orthodontic treatment need was evaluated using the Goslon Yardstick Index (GYI) and the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) of patients and controls, respectively. Masticatory performance was assessed using a chewable test material to determine median particle size (X 50) and distribution of particles in different sieves (b value). Taste perception was evaluated using four solutions (sweet, salty, bitter, or acid) in three different concentrations.

Results

More than half of the patients needed orthodontic surgery. UCLP group presented higher median particle size and needed more chewing cycles to comminute the artificial test into particles smaller than the median than those of controls. UCLP group had less perception of salty flavor than controls. There was a positive correlation between b value and NOT-S examination score for patients. In regression analysis, a significant interrelationship was observed between NOT-S examination score and b value.

Conclusions

In the UCLP patients, masticatory performance was compromised probably as a result of facial asymmetry and speech disturbance; whereas, taste was less perceived only for salty flavor.

Clinical relevance

These findings provide preliminary evidence that mastication and taste are altered in children with UCLP, so these factors must be followed up to ensure oral and general health in growing individuals.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, DF, Brazil, no. 140170/2014-6) and the volunteers for participating in this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Pedodontic Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil

    Ana Bheatriz Marangoni Montes, Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião & Taís de Souza Barbosa

  2. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Otávio Pinheiro Brizola 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17043-012, Brazil

    Thais Marchini de Oliveira

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  1. Ana Bheatriz Marangoni Montes
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  2. Thais Marchini de Oliveira
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  3. Maria Beatriz Duarte Gavião
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  4. Taís de Souza Barbosa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Taís de Souza Barbosa.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Funding

The work was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, DF, Brazil, no. 140170/2014-6).

Ethical approval

Ethical approval was obtained from the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC), University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru, SP, Brazil (protocol no. 318.871/2013).

Informed consent

Participants and their parents were informed about the examination procedures and assured of the confidentiality of the collected information. Only those who signed the informed consent form were included in the study.

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Montes, A.B.M., de Oliveira, T.M., Gavião, M.B.D. et al. Occlusal, chewing, and tasting characteristics associated with orofacial dysfunctions in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate: a case-control study. Clin Oral Invest 22, 941–950 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2173-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2173-4

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