Abstract
Objectives
The purpose was to administer the NEO-FFI personality test to patients who did and did not want to have their teeth bleached and before and after bleaching to the participants who accepted the treatment. The research question is to correlate styles and personality factors with bleaching.
Materials and methods
There were 128 patients eligible for bleaching; 58 accepted (AB) while 70 refused (RB). The test was administered to both groups (AB-RB). The group AB was administered before and 1 week after the end of the bleaching. For each personality domain comparison, the Mann-Whitney test was used. For the group AB, the results for each domain before and after bleaching were compared using the Wilcoxon test.
Results
There was a significant difference between the groups (AB-RB) in the extraversion factor (p = 0.01). There was no significant difference between any of the personality items before and after bleaching (p > 0.1). The comparison between groups by sex revealed significant differences in extraversion and neuroticism factors. Males who AB scored higher in extraversion than males who RB (p < 0.05). Females scored higher in neuroticism than males who AB (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
There were personality differences between people who decided to bleach compared with those who did not want the bleaching, which was mainly in the extroversion factor. This stereotypes the patients, who could be described as more sociable, extroverted, and concerned about esthetics and cleanliness. The bleaching protocol, however, cannot modify any of the personality factors.
Clinical significance
It is important to understand a patient’s behavior to meet their needs and to determine the type of patients who would like to have their teeth bleached.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dudea D, Lasserre JF, Alb C, Culic B, Pop Ciutrila IS, Colosi H (2012) Patients’ perspective on dental aesthetics in a South-Eastern European community. J Dent 40(Suppl 1):e72–81. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2012.01.016
Al-Zarea BK (2013) Satisfaction with appearance and the desired treatment to improve aesthetics. Int J Dent 2013:912368. doi:10.1155/2013/912368
Martin J, Vildosola P, Bersezio C, Herrera A, Bortolatto J, Saad JR, Oliveira OB, Jr Fernandez E (2015) Effectiveness of 6% hydrogen peroxide concentration for tooth bleaching-a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. J Dent 43:965–972. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2015.05.011
Joiner A (2006) The bleaching of teeth: a review of the literature. J Dent 34:412–419. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2006.02.002
Marzola R, Derbabian K, Donovan TE, Arcidiacono A (2000) The science of communicating the art of esthetic dentistry. Part I: patient-dentist-patient communication. J Esthet Dent 12:131–138
Mc Crae R, Jr PC (2004) A contemplated revision of the NEO five-factor inventory. Pers Individ Dif 36:587–596. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(03)00118-1
Becker P (1999) Beyond the big five. Pers Individ Dif 26:511–530. doi:10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00168-8
Paul T, Costa J, McCrae RR (2014) NEO five-factor inventory-3. PAR. http://www4.parinc.com/Products/Product.aspx?ProductID=NEO-FFI-3. Accessed 17 December 2015
Aluja A, García O, Rossier J, García LF (2005) Comparison of the NEO-FFI, the NEO-FFI-R and an alternative short version of the NEO-PI-R (NEO-60) in Swiss and Spanish samples. Pers Individ Dif 38:591–604. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2004.05.014
Sarkis-Onofre R, Cenci MS, Demarco FF, Lynch CD, Fleming PS, Pereira-Cenci T, Moher D (2015) Use of guidelines to improve the quality and transparency of reporting oral health research. J Dent 43:397–404. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2015.01.006
von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, Pocock SJ, Gotzsche PC, Vandenbroucke JP (2008) The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J Clin Epidemiol 61:344–349. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008
Matis BA, Hamdan YS, Cochran MA, Eckert GJ (2002) A clinical evaluation of a bleaching agent used with and without reservoirs. Oper Dent 27:5–11
Cardoso PC, Reis A, Loguercio A, Vieira LC, Baratieri LN (2010) Clinical effectiveness and tooth sensitivity associated with different bleaching times for a 10 percent carbamide peroxide gel. J Am Dent Assoc 141:1213–1220
Bernardon JK, Sartori N, Ballarin A, Perdigao J, Lopes GC, Baratieri LN (2010) Clinical performance of vital bleaching techniques. Oper Dent 35:3–10. doi:10.2341/09-008cr
Browning WD (2003) Use of shade guides for color measurement in tooth-bleaching studies. J Esthet Restor Dent 15(Suppl 1):S13–20
Kim-Pusateri S, Brewer JD, Davis AG, Wee EL (2009) Reliability and accuracy of four dental shade-matching devices. J Prosthet Dent 101:193–199. doi:10.1016/s0022-3913(09)60028-7
Almeida LC, Riehl H, Santos PH, Sundfeld ML, Briso AL (2012) Clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of different bleaching therapies in vital teeth. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 32:303–309
da Costa JB, McPharlin R, Hilton T, Ferracane JI, Wang M (2012) Comparison of two at-home whitening products of similar peroxide concentration and different delivery methods. Oper Dent 37:333–339. doi:10.2341/11-053-c
Du L, Bakish D, Ravindran AV, Hrdina PD (2002) Does fluoxetine influence major depression by modifying five-factor personality traits? J Affect Disord 71:235–241
Armfield JM, Heaton LJ (2013) Management of fear and anxiety in the dental clinic: a review. Aust Dent J 58:390–407. doi:10.1111/adj.12118, quiz 531
Al-Omiri MK, Karasneh J (2010) Relationship between oral health-related quality of life, satisfaction, and personality in patients with prosthetic rehabilitations. J Prosthodont 19:2–9. doi:10.1111/j.1532-849X.2009.00518.x
Takeshita H, Ikebe K, Kagawa R, Okada T, Gondo Y, Nakagawa T, Ishioka Y, Inomata C, Tada S, Matsuda K, Kurushima Y, Enoki K, Kamide K, Masui Y, Takahashi R, Arai Y, Maeda Y (2015) Association of personality traits with oral health-related quality of life independently of objective oral health status: a study of community-dwelling elderly Japanese. J Dent 43:342–349. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2014.12.011
Al-Omiri MK, Sghaireen MG, Al-Qudah AA, Hammad OA, Lynch CD, Lynch E (2014) Relationship between impacts of removable prosthodontic rehabilitation on daily living, satisfaction and personality profiles. J Dent 42:366–372. doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2013.12.010
Blatny M, Millova K, Jelinek M, Osecka T (2015) Personality predictors of successful development: toddler temperament and adolescent personality traits predict well-being and career stability in middle adulthood. PLoS One 10:e0126032. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126032
Gray JA (1970) The psychophysiological basis of introversion-extraversion. Behav Res Ther 8:249–266
Festa CC, Barry CM, Sherman MF, Grover RL (2012) Quality of college students’ same-sex friendships as a function of personality and interpersonal competence. Psychol Rep 110:283–296. doi:10.2466/04.09.10.21.pr0.110.1.283-296
Feiler DC, Kleinbaum AM (2015) Popularity, similarity, and the network extraversion bias. Psychol Sci 26:593–603. doi:10.1177/0956797615569580
Thompson ER (2008) Development and validation of an international English big-five mini-markers. Pers Individ Dif 45:542–548. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2008.06.013
Smillie LD, Wilt J, Kabbani R, Garratt C, Revelle W (2015) Quality of social experience explains the relation between extraversion and positive affect. Emotion 15:339–349. doi:10.1037/emo0000047
Speed BC, Nelson BD, Perlman G, Klein DN, Kotov R, Hajcak G (2015) Personality and emotional processing: a relationship between extraversion and the late positive potential in adolescence. Psychophysiology 52:1039–1047. doi:10.1111/psyp.12436
Lyubomirsky S, King L, Diener E (2005) The benefits of frequent positive affect: does happiness lead to success? Psychol Bull 131:803–855. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803
Reilly MJ, Tomsic JA, Fernandez SJ, Davison SP (2015) Effect of facial rejuvenation surgery on perceived attractiveness, femininity, and personality. JAMA Facial Plast Sur 17:202–207. doi:10.1001/jamafacial.2015.0158
Lauriola M, Iani L (2015) Does positivity mediate the relation of extraversion and neuroticism with subjective happiness? PLoS One 10:e0121991. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121991
Tobin RM, Graziano WG, Vanman EJ, Tassinary LG (2000) Personality, emotional experience, and efforts to control emotions. J Pers Social Psychol 79:656–669
Leslie G, Eaton DCF (2015) The creation and consequences of the social world: an interactional analysis of extraversion. Eur J Pers 17:375–395. doi:10.1002/per.477
Gale CR, Booth T, Mottus R, Kuh D, Deary IJ (2013) Neuroticism and extraversion in youth predict mental wellbeing and life satisfaction 40 years later. J Res Pers 47:687–697. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.06.005
de Geus JL, Bersezio C, Urrutia J, Yamada T, Fernandez E, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Kossatz S (2015) Effectiveness of and tooth sensitivity with at-home bleaching in smokers: a multicenter clinical trial. J Am Dent Assoc 146:233–240. doi:10.1016/j.adaj.2014.12.014
Rezende M, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Kossatz S (2013) Clinical effects of exposure to coffee during at-home vital bleaching. Oper Dent 38:E229–236. doi:10.2341/12-188-c
Kose C, Reis A, Baratieri LN, Loguercio AD (2011) Clinical effects of at-home bleaching along with desensitizing agent application. Am J Dent 24:379–382
Matis BA, Wang Y, Jiang T, Eckert GJ (2002) Extended at-home bleaching of tetracycline-stained teeth with different concentrations of carbamide peroxide. Quintessence Int 33:645–655
Braun A, Jepsen S, Krause F (2007) Spectrophotometric and visual evaluation of vital tooth bleaching employing different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Dent Mater 23:165–169. doi:10.1016/j.dental.2006.01.017
Krause F, Jepsen S, Braun A (2008) Subjective intensities of pain and contentment with treatment outcomes during tray bleaching of vital teeth employing different carbamide peroxide concentrations. Quintessence Int 39:203–209
Meireles SS, Heckmann SS, Leida FL, dos Santos Ida S, Della Bona A, Demarco FF (2008) Efficacy and safety of 10% and 16% carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening gels: a randomized clinical trial. Oper Dent 33:606–612. doi:10.2341/07-150
Basting R, Amaral F, França F, Flório F (2012) Clinical comparative study of the effectiveness of and tooth sensitivity to 10% and 20% carbamide peroxide home-use and 35% and 38% hydrogen peroxide in-office bleaching materials containing desensitizing agents. Oper Dent 37:464–473. doi:10.2341/11-337-c
Pennington C, Newson M, Hayre A, Coulthard E (2015) Functional cognitive disorder: what is it and what to do about it? Pract Neurol 15:436–444. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2015-001127
Kielbassa AM, Maier M, Gieren AK, Eliav E (2015) Tooth sensitivity during and after vital tooth bleaching: a systematic review on an unsolved problem. Quintessence Int 46:881–897. doi:10.3290/j.qi.a34700
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
A. Herrera declares that she has no conflict of interest, J. Martín declares that he has no conflict of interest, F. Pérez declares that he had no conflict of interest, E. Bonafé declares that she has no conflict of interest, A. Reis declares that she has no conflict of interest, A. Loguercio declares that he has no conflict of interest, and E. Fernández declares that he has no conflict of interest.
Funding
The work was supported by FIOUCH 13/18 / and U-INICIA of University of Chile Grant.
Ethical approval
This clinical study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Chile (PRI-ODO 15/01 and FIOUCH 13/18) and was conducted according to the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials Statement and Helsinki Declaration of 1975 revised in 2000.
Informed consent
All persons gave their informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. Details that might disclose the identity of the subjects under study were omitted.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Herrera, A., Martín, J., Pérez, F. et al. Is personality relevant in the choice of bleaching?. Clin Oral Invest 20, 2105–2111 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1701-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1701-3