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A novel three-dimensional bone chip organ culture

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Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

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Abstract

Objectives

The objective of this study was to develop a 3D bone chip organ culture model. We aimed to collect in vitro evidence of the ability of vital bone chips to promote new bone formation.

Materials and methods

We developed a 3D in vitro hypoxic bone chip organ culture model. Histology of the bone chips was performed before and after culture and immunohistochemistry after 3-week culture. The 3D culture supernatants were tested for the presence of pro-angiogenic growth factors, TGFβ1, GADPH, bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein and collagen type I.

Results

Histology after culture revealed bone chips in a matrix of fibrin remnants and a fibrous-appearing matter. Collagen type I- and IV-positive structures were also identified. Cells could be seen on the surface of the bone chips, with spindle-shaped cells bridging the bone chip particles. Pro-angiogenic growth factors and TGFβ1were detected in the 3D cell culture supernatants. The transcripts for osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein and collagen type I were revealed only via PCR.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that bone chips in our 3D organ culture remain vital and may stimulate the growth of a bone-forming matrix.

Clinical relevance

The use of autogenous bone chips for oral and maxillofacial bone augmentation procedures is widespread in clinical practice. The rationale for this is that if bone chips remain vital in vivo, they could provide an environment promoting new bone formation through growth factors and cells. This 3D culture method is an essential tool for investigating the behaviour of bone chips.

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Acknowledgments

We appreciate the excellent work of Gisela Niklaus in establishing the 3D organ culture system, of Simone Wicki for PCR, Isabelle Estella for the histological and immunohistological staining, and thank PD Dr. Dobrila Nesic and Prof. Dr. Jan Lindhe for kindly reviewing this manuscript. We thank all colleagues from the Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital, who collected bone chips samples. We would also like to thank Archimed medical communication AG for their writing support.

Conflict of interest

This study was funded by Geistlich Pharma AG. B. M. Schaefer is an employee of Geistlich Pharma AG. No competing financial interests exist for J. Kuttenberger or E. Polska.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000, Luzern, Switzerland

    Johannes Kuttenberger & Elzbieta Polska

  2. Geistlich Pharma AG, Bahnhofstr. 40, 6110, Wolhusen, Switzerland

    Birgit M. Schaefer

Authors
  1. Johannes Kuttenberger
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  2. Elzbieta Polska
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  3. Birgit M. Schaefer
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Birgit M. Schaefer.

Additional information

This work was performed at Geistlich Pharma AG.

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Kuttenberger, J., Polska, E. & Schaefer, B.M. A novel three-dimensional bone chip organ culture. Clin Oral Invest 17, 1547–1555 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0833-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0833-y

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