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Marine collagen scaffolds and photobiomodulation on bone healing process in a model of calvaria defects

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Abstract

Introduction

Collagen from marine esponges has been used as a promising material for tissue engineering proposals. Similarly, photobiomodulation (PBM) is able of modulating inflammatory processes after an injury, accelerating soft and hard tissue healing and stimulating neoangiogenesis. However, the effects of the associated treatments on bone tissue healing have not been studied yet. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the biological temporal modifications (using two experimental periods) of marine sponge collagen or sponging (SPG) based scaffold and PBM on newly formed bone using a calvaria bone defect model.

Material and Methods

Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: SPG or SPG/PBM and euthanized into two different experimental periods (15 and 45 days post-surgery). A cranial critical bone defect was used to evaluate the effects of the treatments. Histology, histomorfometry and immunohistological analysis were performed.

Results

Histological findings demonstrated that SPG/PBM-treated animals, 45 days post-surgery, demonstrated a higher amount of connective and newly formed bone tissue at the region of the defect compared to CG. Notwithstanding, no difference among groups were observed in the histomorphometry. Interestingly, for both anti-transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunostaining, higher values for SPG/PBM, at 45 days post-surgery could be observed.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the associated treatment can be considered as a promising therapeutical intervention.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) for the scholarship (grant no. 2016/13636-9). This research was supported by fellowships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, Brazil

    M. A. Cruz, K. R. Fernandes, G. C. A. Vale, S. R. A. Junior, F. R. Freitas, A. F. S. Sales, R. N. Granito, A. M. Ribeiro & A. C. M. Renno

  2. Department of Fisiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil

    J. R. Parisi, C. A. Fortulan, O. Peitl & E. Zanotto

Authors
  1. M. A. Cruz
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  2. K. R. Fernandes
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  3. J. R. Parisi
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  4. G. C. A. Vale
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  5. S. R. A. Junior
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  6. F. R. Freitas
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  7. A. F. S. Sales
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  8. C. A. Fortulan
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  9. O. Peitl
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  12. A. M. Ribeiro
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  13. A. C. M. Renno
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Correspondence to M. A. Cruz.

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The Animal Care Committee guidelines of the Federal University of São Paulo (CEUA no. 4331220318) approved the present study and national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals were observed.

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Cruz, M.A., Fernandes, K.R., Parisi, J.R. et al. Marine collagen scaffolds and photobiomodulation on bone healing process in a model of calvaria defects. J Bone Miner Metab 38, 639–647 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-020-01102-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-020-01102-4

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