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Primary carbonatite melt inclusions in apatite and in K-feldspar of clinopyroxene-rich mantle xenoliths hosted in lamprophyre dikes (Hungary)

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Abstract

We studied clinopyroxene–apatite–K-feldspar–phlogopite xenoliths (CAKP), collected from the Late Cretaceous lamprophyre dikes of the Alcsútdoboz-2 (Ad-2) borehole, Transdanubian Central Range, Hungary. Apatite and K-feldspar contain a large number of primary, negative crystal shaped carbonatite melt inclusions. Chemically, the melt inclusions are phosphorous dolomitic in apatite and dolomite-bearing alkaline-aluminosiliceous in K-feldspar. As these melts in apatite and K-feldspar cannot be the differentiation product or residuum of each other, and appear to have been present in the host rock at the same time, they are likely to have formed by liquid immiscibility. Clinopyroxene and phlogopite are interpreted as products of metasomatic reactions between ultramafic mantle and carbonatite melt initially infiltrating the mantle rock. During this process the composition of the metasomatizing carbonatite melt changed, resulting in the separation of two immiscible melts. One melt was phosphate carbonatite in composition, and the other was a carbonate-bearing alkaline aluminosiliceous melt. Both melts were over-saturated with respect to apatite and K-feldspar. This process initiated the crystallization of the host minerals from a continuously percolating melt and, consequently, led to the entrapment of large populations of melt inclusions. The initial metasomatizing melt had a phosphorous Mg-calcitic carbonatite composition (with low Mg#), and is likely to have been formed in a subducted lithospheric slab.

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Acknowledgements

The authors owe thanks to the fellows of the Lithosphere Fluid Research Lab, Eötvös University (Budapest) for the fruitful discussions, especially to Márta Berkesi and Károly Hidas. We appreciate the help of Kamilla Gál-Sólymos in taking the BSE images. T. Guzmics is grateful to his father Snr. Tibor Guzmics and Prof. Friedrich Koller (University of Vienna) for the support during his stay at the University in Vienna as a CEEPUS scholar. The authors are also grateful to Nicholas Tailby (ANU, RSES) and two anonymous reviewers for improving an earlier version of the manuscript. Many thanks to Lesley Rose-Weston (Bayerisches Geoinstitut) for correcting the paper grammatically.

This work was financially supported by Hungarian Science Foundation (OTKA, T 043686) to C. Szabó, by ProRenovanda Culturae Hungariae Foundation, and by the Hungarian Development Bank (MFB, 2007–2008) to T. Guzmics. This is publication No 33 of the Lithosphere Fluid Research Lab, Eötvös University Budapest.

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  1. Lithosphere Fluid Research Laboratory, Department of Petrology and Geochemistry, Eötvös University, Pázmány P. sétany 1/C, H-1117, Budapest, Hungary

    Tibor Guzmics, János Kodolányi, István Kovács, Csaba Szabó & Enikő Bali

  2. Institute of Geology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    János Kodolányi

  3. Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

    István Kovács

  4. Division of Earth Environmental System, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea

    Csaba Szabó

  5. Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

    Enikő Bali

  6. Department of Geological Sciences, Geozentrum, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Theodoros Ntaflos

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  1. Tibor Guzmics
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Guzmics, T., Kodolányi, J., Kovács, I. et al. Primary carbonatite melt inclusions in apatite and in K-feldspar of clinopyroxene-rich mantle xenoliths hosted in lamprophyre dikes (Hungary). Miner Petrol 94, 225–242 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-008-0014-5

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