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Clinical utility of resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging for mood and cognitive disorders

  • High Impact Review in Neuroscience, Neurology or Psychiatry - Review Article
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Abstract

Although functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has long been used to assess task-related brain activity in neuropsychiatric disorders, it has not yet become a widely available clinical tool. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) has been the subject of recent attention in the fields of basic and clinical neuroimaging research. This method enables investigation of the functional organization of the brain and alterations of resting-state networks (RSNs) in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. Rs-fMRI does not require participants to perform a demanding task, in contrast to task fMRI, which often requires participants to follow complex instructions. Rs-fMRI has a number of advantages over task fMRI for application with neuropsychiatric patients, for example, although applications of task fMR to participants for healthy are easy. However, it is difficult to apply these applications to patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders, because they may have difficulty in performing demanding cognitive task. Here, we review the basic methodology and analysis techniques relevant to clinical studies, and the clinical applications of the technique for examining neuropsychiatric disorders, focusing on mood disorders (major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder) and dementia (Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment).

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Acknowledgements

This study was in part supported by the Strategic Research Program for Brain Science of BMI Technologies for Clinical Application carried out under the Strategic Research Program for Brain Sciences and Brain Mapping by Integrated Neurotechnologies for Disease Studies (Brain/MINDS), Health Labor Science Research Grants from Japan Agency for Medical Research and development (AMED) and KAKENHI (26120008 and 16H03306) from MEXT, the Research Grant for Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K. and the Intramural Research Grant for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders of National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Japan.

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  1. Department of Advanced Neuroimaging, Integrative Brain Imaging Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

    T. Takamura & T. Hanakawa

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Takamura, T., Hanakawa, T. Clinical utility of resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging for mood and cognitive disorders. J Neural Transm 124, 821–839 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1710-2

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