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Simultaneous voltammetric determination of vanillin and guaiacol in food products on defect free graphene nanoflakes modified glassy carbon electrode

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Abstract

Simple and robustic mediator free graphene nanoflake modified glassy carbon electrode (GNF/GCE) was used for the simultaneous determination of vanillin (VAN) and guaiacol (GUA) in food products like chocolate and biscuits by using an amperometric method. Defect-free graphene nanoflakes were obtained by a surfactant assisted exfoliation approach. The resulting graphene flake was characterized by FE-SEM and Raman studies. The electrocatalytic oxidation of VAN and GUA occured at +0.59 V and +0.48 V vs. Ag/AgCl at GNF/GCE, under optimum experimental condition. A well-defined peak potential window (~160 mV) for the oxidation of VAn and GUA were observed in the modified electrode. Calibration curves of VAN and GUA were attained in the ranges of 0.1 × 10–7 M to 53 × 10–6 M and 0.3 × 10–7 M to 46 × 10–6 M with correlation coefficient of 0.9966 and 0.9951, respectively. A greater sensitivity and the detection limit of VAN and GUA at 1.24 × 10–8 M and 0.98 × 10–8 M were obtained by using mediator and metal free modified electrode system in phosphate buffer medium. The present method is quite modest and robustic for the detection of VAN and GUA at a trace level.

Sensitive electrochemical method for the quantitative detection of vanillin and guaiacol as food additive using defect-free graphene nanoflakes. Well-resolved oxidation peak current was shown in both analytes by differential pulse voltammetry method. The present method can be used for the simultaneous detection of vanillin and guaiacol in food samples

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Acknowledgements

One of author (Dr.K.P.) is grateful to Prof. M.S. Ramachandra Rao, Department of Physics, IIT Madras for providing Raman Instrument. And also thankful to the Prof. M. V. Sangaranarayanan and M. V. Beena, Department of Chemistry, IIT Madras for providing EIS studies.

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  1. Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, Chennai, 600025, India

    J. Kalaiyarasi, S. Meenakshi & K. Pandian

  2. Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering and School of Bioprocess Engineering, University Malaysia Perlis, 01000, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia

    Subash C. B. Gopinath

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  1. J. Kalaiyarasi
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Correspondence to K. Pandian.

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Kalaiyarasi, J., Meenakshi, S., Pandian, K. et al. Simultaneous voltammetric determination of vanillin and guaiacol in food products on defect free graphene nanoflakes modified glassy carbon electrode. Microchim Acta 184, 2131–2140 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2161-z

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