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Nanopore-enabled electrode arrays and ensembles

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Abstract

This review (with 116 refs.) addresses recent developments in nanoelectrode arrays and ensembles with particular attention to nanopore-enabled arrays and ensembles. Nanoelectrode-based arrays exhibit unique mass transport and ion transfer properties, which can be exploited for electroanalytical measurements with enhanced figures-of-merit with respect to microscale and larger components. Following an introduction into the topic, we cover (a) methods for fabrication of solid-state nanopore electrodes, (b) chemical and biochemical sensors, (c) nanochannel arrays with embedded nanoelectrodes; (d) recessed nanodisk electrode arrays; (e) redox cycling in nanopore electrode arrays, (f) finally discuss novel nanoarrays for electrochemistry, and then give a future outlook. A wide variety of nanoelectrode array-based chemical and biochemical sensors properties are discussed in addition to faradaic, ion transfer and spectroelectrochemical applications.

This review addresses recent developments in nanoelectrode arrays and ensembles with particular attention to nanopore-enabled arrays and ensembles. A wide variety of nanoelectrode array-based chemical and biochemical sensors properties are discussed in addition to faradaic, ion transfer and spectroelectrochemical applications.

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Acknowledgments

Work described herein that was carried out in the authors’ laboratories was supported by the National Science Foundation, most recently through grant 1404744 and by the Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences through grant DE FG02 07ER15851. Fabrication and structural characterization of the devices studied here were accomplished at the Notre Dame Nanofabrication Facility and the Notre Dame Integrated Imaging Facility whose generous support is gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Lawrence P. Zaino III, Chaoxiong Ma & Paul W. Bohn

  2. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA

    Paul W. Bohn

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  1. Lawrence P. Zaino III
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  2. Chaoxiong Ma
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  3. Paul W. Bohn
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Correspondence to Paul W. Bohn.

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Zaino, L.P., Ma, C. & Bohn, P.W. Nanopore-enabled electrode arrays and ensembles. Microchim Acta 183, 1019–1032 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1701-7

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