Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

A prognostic indicator for the resection of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Surgery Today Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

We investigated the predictive indicator for a good prognosis of surgical resection for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer.

Method

Between 1990 and 2009 at our institute, 117 patients underwent 132 hepatic resections for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. The clinical, pathological, and outcome parameters affecting their prognoses were analyzed. The extent of the liver metastases was subdivided according to the Japanese Classification of Colorectal Carcinoma (JCCRC), and the patients were classified into different grades based on the JCCRC classification and the status of the nodal involvement of the primary tumor.

Result

The median survival time (MST) of the 117 patients was 58 months, and the actuarial survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 92.3, 60.0, and 46.1 %, respectively. A multivariate analysis revealed that the JCCRC Grade classification was an independent prognostic indicator (Grade A vs. B vs. C: MST, 72 vs. 41 vs. 23 months; 5-year survival, 59.0 vs. 38.6 vs. 0 %: p < 0.0001).

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that the JCCRC Grade classification for liver metastasis of colorectal cancer is a significant prognostic indicator and may be useful for making decisions regarding the treatment of liver metastasis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bengmark S, Hafstrom L. The natural history of primary and secondary malignant tumors of the liver. I. The prognosis for patients with hepatic metastases from colonic and rectal carcinoma by laparotomy. Cancer. 1969;23:198–202.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Fong Y, Kemeny N, Paty P, Blumgart LH, Cohen AM. Treatment of colorectal cancer: hepatic metastasis. Semin Surg Oncol. 1996;12:219–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kemeny N, Fata F. Arterial, portal, or systemic chemotherapy for patients with hepatic metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 1999;1:39–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Adam R, Avisar E, Ariche A, Giachetti S, Azoulay D, Castaing D, et al. Five-year survival following hepatic resection after neoadjuvant therapy for nonresectable colorectal. Ann Surg Oncol. 2001;8:347–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Douillard JY, Cunningham D, Roth AD, Navarro M, James RD, Karasek P, et al. Irinotecan combined with fluorouracil compared with fluorouracil alone as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2000;355:1041–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Goldberg RM, Sargent DJ, Morton RF, et al. A randomized controlled trial of fluorouracil plus leucovorin, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin combinations in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:23–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Andre T, Boni C, Mounedji-Boudiaf L, Navarro M, Tabernero J, Hickish T, et al. Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2343–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Hurwitz H, Fehrenbacher L, Novotny W, Cartwright T, Hainsworth J, Heim W, et al. Bevacizumab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2335–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Saltz LB, Clarke S, Diaz-Rubio E, Scheithauer W, Figer A, Wong R, et al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:2013–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Portier G, Elias D, Bouche O, Rougier P, Bosset J, Saric J, et al. Multicenter randomized trial of adjuvant fluorouracil and folinic acid compared with surgery alone after resection of colorectal liver metastases: FFCD ACHBTH AURC 9002 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:4976–82.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ychou M, Hohenberger W, Thezenas S, Navarro M, Maurel J, Bokemeyer C, et al. A randomized phase III study comparing adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid with FOLFIRI in patients following complete resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Ann Oncol. 2009;20:1964–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Nordlinger B, Sorbye H, Glimelius B, Poston G, Schlag P, Rougier P, et al. Perioperative chemotherapy with FOLFOX4 and surgery versus surgery alone for resectable liver metastases from colorectal cancer (EORTC Intergroup trial 40983): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;371:1007–16.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Nordlinger B, Guiguet M, Vaillant JC, Balladur P, Boudjema K, Bachellier P, et al. Surgical resection of colorectal carcinoma metastases to the liver. A prognostic scoring system to improve case selection, based on 1568 patients. Association Francaise de Chirurgie. Cancer. 1996;77:1254–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Scheele J, Stang R, Altendorf-Hofmann A, Paul M. Resection of colorectal liver metastases. World J Surg. 1995;19:59–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Aoki T, Umekita N, Tanaka S, Noda K, Warabi M, Kitamura M. Prognostic value of concomitant resection of extrahepatic disease in patients with liver metastases of colorectal origin. Surgery. 2008;143:706–14.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Arru M, Aldrighetti L, Castoldi R, Di Palo S, Orsenigo E, Stella M, et al. Analysis of prognostic factors influencing long-term survival after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Surg. 2008;32:93–103.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Gomez D, Morris-Stiff G, Wyatt J, Toogood GJ, Lodge JP, Prasad KR. Surgical technique and systemic inflammation influences long-term disease-free survival following hepatic resection for colorectal metastasis. J Surg Oncol. 2008;98:371–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Fong Y, Fortner J, Sun RL, Brennan MF, Blumgart LH. Clinical score for predicting recurrence after hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of 1001 consecutive cases. Ann Surg. 1999;230:309–18 discussion 318–321.

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Rees M, Plant G, Bygrave S. Late results justify resection for multiple hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 1997;84:1136–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Beppu T, Sakamoto Y, Hasegawa K, Honda G, Tanaka K, Kotera K, et al. A nomogram predicting disease-free survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases treated with hepatic resection: multicenter data collection as a Project Study for Hepatic Surgery of the Japanese Society of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2012;19:72–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Fong Y, Cohen AM, Fortner JG, Enker WE, Turnbull AD, Coit DG, et al. Liver resection for colorectal metastases. J Clin Oncol. 1997;15:938–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Gayowski TJ, Iwatsuki S, Madariaga JR, Selby R, Todo S, Irish W, et al. Experience in hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer: analysis of clinical and pathologic risk factors. Surgery. 1994;116:703–10.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Nozoe T, Kohno M, Iguchi T, Mori E, Maeda T, Matsukuma A, et al. The prognostic nutritional index can be a prognostic indicator in colorectal carcinoma. Surg Today. 2012;42(6):532–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Yoshida D, Ikeda Y, Waki K, Shirabe K, Kakeji Y, Tsujitani S, et al. Different incidence of synchronous liver metastasis between proximal and distal colon cancer. Surg Today. 2012;42(5):426–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Japanese Society for Cancer of The colon and Rectum. Japanese Classification of Colorectal Carcinoma in Second English Edition. Tokyo: Kanehara & Co., Ltd; 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Jaeck D, Bachellier P, Guiguet M, Boudjema K, Vaillant JC, Balladur P, et al. Long-term survival following resection of colorectal hepatic metastases. Association Francaise de Chirurgie. Br J Surg. 1997;84:977–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Lindner P, Cahlin C, Friman S, Hafstrom L, Rizell M, Olausson M. Treatment of patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer. More patients can benefit from the treatment! Lakartidningen. 2003;100:2684–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Imamura H, Sano K, Sugawara Y, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M, et al. Assessment of hepatic reserve for indication of hepatic resection: decision tree incorporating indocyanine green test. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg. 2005;12:16–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Adam R, de Haas RJ, Wicherts DA, Aloia TA, Delvart V, Azoulay D, et al. Is hepatic resection justified after chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases and lymph node involvement? J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3672–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Jonas S, Thelen A, Benckert C, Spinelli A, Sammain S, Neumann U, et al. Extended resections of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. World J Surg. 2007;31:511–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Yamaguchi T, Mori T, Takahashi K, Matsumoto H, Miyamoto H, Kato T. A new classification system for liver metastases from colorectal cancer in Japanese multicenter analysis. Hepatogastroenterology. 2008;55:173–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Conflict of interest

None of the authors has any conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ryosuke Amano.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Amano, R., Yamada, N., Nakata, B. et al. A prognostic indicator for the resection of liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Surg Today 44, 1287–1292 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-013-0699-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-013-0699-x

Keywords

Navigation