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Hemodialysis biomarkers: total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) against oxidized human serum albumin (HSAox)

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Abstract

Aims

Nephropathic patients show higher levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidized human serum albumin (HSAox) compared to healthy subjects. These two classes of compounds are formed as the result of oxidative insults; for this reason, they can be useful oxidative stress biomarkers. The present study examines the variation of AGEs and HSAox in hemodialysis (HD) patients before and after dialysis session, evaluating the impact of different dialytic techniques and filters on their removal.

Methods

A total of 50 healthy subjects (control group) and 130 HD patients were enrolled in the study. Hemodialysis patients were subdivided based on dialytic techniques: 109 in diffusive technique and 22 in convective technique. We monitored HSAox, AGEs and other laboratory parameters at early morning in healthy subjects and in HD patients before and after the dialysis procedures.

Results

The level of HSAox decreases after a single dialytic session (from 58.5 ± 8.8% to 41.5 ± 11.1%), but the concentration of total AGEs increases regardless of adopted dialytic techniques (from 6.8 ± 5.2 µg/ml to 9.2 ± 4.4 µg/ml). In our study, levels of HSAox and total AGEs are similar in diabetic and non-diabetic HD patients. The increase in total AGEs after dialysis was only observed using polysulfone filters but was absent with polymethacrylate filters.

Conclusions

HSAox is a simple and immediate method to verify the beneficial effect of a single dialysis session on the redox imbalance, always present in HD patients. Total AGEs assayed by ELISA procedure seem to be a less reliable biomarker in this population.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

Abbreviations

AGEs:

Advanced glycation end products

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

CKD:

Chronic kidney disease

DTNB:

5,5′-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic) acid

ESRD:

End-stage renal disease

e-GFR:

Estimated glomerular filtration rate

GFR:

Glomerular filtration rate

Glo 1:

Glyoxalase 1

HD:

Hemodialysis

HF:

Hemoperfusion

HSAox:

Oxidized human serum albumin

IGF-1:

Insulin growth factor-1

IL-1β:

Interleukin-1β

MG:

Methylglyoxal

NADPH:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Pdiast:

Diastolic blood pressure

Psyst:

Systolic blood pressure

PTV:

Policlinico Tor Vergata

RAGE:

AGE cell receptor

RCTs:

Randomized clinical trials

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SD:

Standard deviation

sRAGE:

AGE soluble receptor

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Caterina Gola for her English language revision.

Funding

The present study was supported by Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana; by Mission: Sustainability Grant to A.B. [Decreto Rettorale 2817/2016].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Annalisa Noce, Valentina Rovella, Giulia Marrone & Nicola Di Daniele

  2. PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Giulia Marrone

  3. Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Giada Cattani, Giorgio Ricci & Alessio Bocedi

  4. Department of Clinical Medicine-Nephrology Unit, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy

    Viviana Zingaretti

  5. IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, Open University San Raffaele Roma, 00163, Rome, Italy

    Dolores Limongi

  6. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Cartesio D’Agostini

  7. Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Cartesio D’Agostini

  8. Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy

    Roberto Sorge

  9. Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Palazzo delle Federazioni Sportive Nazionali, 00196, Rome, Italy

    Maurizio Casasco

Authors
  1. Annalisa Noce
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  2. Valentina Rovella
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  3. Giulia Marrone
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  10. Nicola Di Daniele
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Annalisa Noce or Valentina Rovella.

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The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

Ethical Standard Statement

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee “Comitato Etico Indipendente”—Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Tor Vergata (experimentation Register Number 60/16) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Noce, A., Rovella, V., Marrone, G. et al. Hemodialysis biomarkers: total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) against oxidized human serum albumin (HSAox). Acta Diabetol 56, 1323–1331 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-019-01413-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-019-01413-7

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