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Sarcopenia and sarcopenic leg as potential risk factors for acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture among older women

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Abstract

Purpose

Sarcopenia-related falls and fractures among women with osteoporosis are becoming an emerging problem because of rapid aging worldwide. We aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia, given by the muscle mass of the arms and legs, and osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) among female patients.

Methods

This cross-sectional study examined 216 women with fresh OVF (OVF group) diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging and 1,608 women from an outpatient clinic who did not have a OVF [non-fracture (NF) group]. We performed whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to analyze body composition, including skeletal muscle mass index (SMI; lean mass/height2) and bone mineral density (BMD). We used stepwise logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors associated with OVF.

Results

After controlling for age, the OVF group showed lower appendicular SMI (5.62 vs. 5.97 kg/m2, P < 0.001), lower arm SMI (1.36 vs. 1.42 kg/m2, P = 0.004), lower leg SMI (4.27 vs. 4.55 kg/m2, P < 0.001), and higher prevalence of sarcopenia (42.3 vs. 25.9 %, P < 0.001), compared with the NF group. Reduced leg muscle mass and presence of sarcopenia were independent risk factors for acute OVF in multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 1.4, P = 0.002; odds ratio = 1.96, P < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusions

We found higher prevalence of sarcopenia and lower leg muscle mass among patients with acute OVF compared with patients who did not have an OVF. These results suggest that sarcopenia may be a risk factor for OVF.

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Acknowledgments

This study was funded by a research Grant for Comprehensive Research on Aging and Health from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan in 2010, a research Grant from the Japan Osteoporosis Foundation in 2012, and a Grant from the Ichiro Kanehara Foundation in 2012. The sponsors had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article. The authors wish to thank Ms. Miki Morita and Junko Suzuki for their assistance in data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan

    Tetsuro Hida, Yoshihito Sakai, Sadayuki Ito, Yasumoto Matsui, Marie Takemura & Atsushi Harada

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 35, Tsuruma, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan

    Tetsuro Hida, Takehiro Kasai & Naoki Ishiguro

  3. Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nisshin, Japan

    Hiroshi Shimokata

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  1. Tetsuro Hida
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Correspondence to Tetsuro Hida.

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Hida, T., Shimokata, H., Sakai, Y. et al. Sarcopenia and sarcopenic leg as potential risk factors for acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture among older women. Eur Spine J 25, 3424–3431 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-015-3805-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-015-3805-5

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