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The impact of low body mass index on postoperative outcomes in pancreatectomy patients: a retrospective analysis of Japanese administrative data

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Abstract

Purpose

To comparatively examine in-hospital mortality among different underweight body mass index (BMI) categories in pancreatic cancer patients after pancreatectomy in Japan.

Methods

We conducted a large-scale multi-center retrospective cohort study of adult patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent pancreatectomy between April 1, 2010 and March 31, 2016. Patients were classified according to BMI as follows: normal BMI (18.50–24.99 kg/m2), mild thinness (17.00–18.49 kg/m2), moderate thinness (16.00–16.99 kg/m2), and severe thinness (< 16.00 kg/m2). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed with in-hospital mortality as the dependent variable and BMI groups as the main independent variable of interest.

Results

We analyzed 6173 patients from 332 hospitals. The results showed that the severe thinness group had a longer postoperative hospital stay (34.4 ± 25.6 days) and higher incidence of postoperative pneumonia (5.5%) than the other groups. The generalized estimating equations accounted for patient demographics, surgical procedure, anesthetic technique, activities of daily living score, and Charlson comorbidity index as covariates. Relative to the normal BMI group, the odds ratios for in-hospital mortality were 0.57 (95% confidence interval: 0.26–1.24; P = 0.16) in the mild thinness group, 1.49 (0.64–3.48; P = 0.36) in the moderate thinness group, and 2.54 (1.05–6.08; P = 0.04) in the severe thinness group.

Conclusion

Severe thinness was significantly associated with a higher risk of mortality, and extremely low BMI should be considered a risk factor in pancreatectomy patients.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported in part by a Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan (H29-seisaku-sitei-009), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Grant number: [A] 16H02634), and the Mitsui Life Social Welfare Foundation. The funders were not involved in study design, data collection, data analysis, manuscript preparation, or the decision to publish. The authors had complete access to the study data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, 2-3-1 Shin-machi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1191, Japan

    Takeshi Umegaki & Takahiko Kamibayashi

  2. Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan

    Susumu Kunisawa & Yuichi Imanaka

  3. Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan

    Masaya Kotsuka & So Yamaki

Authors
  1. Takeshi Umegaki
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  2. Susumu Kunisawa
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  3. Masaya Kotsuka
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  4. So Yamaki
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  5. Takahiko Kamibayashi
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  6. Yuichi Imanaka
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Takeshi Umegaki or Yuichi Imanaka.

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The authors declare no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

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Umegaki, T., Kunisawa, S., Kotsuka, M. et al. The impact of low body mass index on postoperative outcomes in pancreatectomy patients: a retrospective analysis of Japanese administrative data. J Anesth 32, 624–631 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-018-2527-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-018-2527-3

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