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Myocardial infarction detection based on deep neural network on imbalanced data

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Abstract

Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute interruption of blood flow to the heart, which causes the heart to suffer from a deficiency of blood and ischemia, so the heart muscle is damaged, and cells can die and lose their function. Despite the low incidence of MI in the world, it is still a common disease-causing death. Therefore, detecting the MI signals early can reduce mortality. This paper presented a method based on a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) for the detection of MI automatically. The proposed CNN is an end-to-end model without requiring any stages of machine learning and requires only one stage to detect MI from the input signals. In the case of imbalanced data, we optimize our deep model with a new loss function named the focal loss to deal with this case by constituting the loss indirectly the focus in those difficult classes. The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) dataset was employed in the validation to classify the signals to normal and MI. The performance of our technique alongside state-of-the-art in the area shows an increase in terms of average accuracy and F1 score. Results show that focal loss improves the detection accuracy by 9% for detecting MI signals. In summary, the proposed method achieved an overall accuracy, precision, F1 score, and recall of 98.84%, 98.31%, 97.92%, and 97.63, respectively using focal loss and overall accuracy of 89.72%, a precision of 88.52%, a recall of 81.11% and F1 score of 83.02% without using focal loss. Our method using focal loss is an effective tool to perform a fast and reliable MI diagnosis to assist the cardiologists in detecting MI early.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Information Technology Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32511, Egypt

    Mohamed Hammad

  2. Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, College of Computer Sciences and Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Monagi H. Alkinani

  3. Department of Computer Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, India

    B. B. Gupta

  4. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan

    B. B. Gupta

  5. Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koom, 32511, Egypt

    Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif

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  1. Mohamed Hammad
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  2. Monagi H. Alkinani
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  3. B. B. Gupta
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  4. Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif
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Correspondence to B. B. Gupta or Ahmed A. Abd El-Latif.

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Hammad, M., Alkinani, M.H., Gupta, B.B. et al. Myocardial infarction detection based on deep neural network on imbalanced data. Multimedia Systems 28, 1373–1385 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00530-020-00728-8

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