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Evaluation of financial toxicity and associated factors in female patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

These systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to discuss the financial toxicity (FT) level among breast cancer (BC) patients and the associated demographic and economic factors.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis of single means were used by following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and PRISMA guidance. Untransformed means (MRAW) were used to estimate the confidence interval for individual studies, while I2 and tau2 statistics were used to examine heterogeneity among pooled studies. Electronic databases were PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Science Direct, and Turkish databases were used to find relevant studies published in the last 15 years (between 2008 and 2023).

Results

A total of 50 studies were reviewed in the systematic review, and 11 were included in the overall and subgroup meta-analyses. The majority of reviewed studies were from the USA (38 studies), while there were four studies from China and eight studies from other countries having different types of health systems. The overall estimated FT level based on 11 pooled studies was 23.19, meaning mild level FT in the range of four categories (no FT score > 25, mild FT score 14–25, moderate FT score 1–13, and severe FT score equal to 0), with a 95% CI of 20.66–25.72. The results of subgroup meta-analyses showed that the estimated FT levels were higher among those patients who were single, with lower education levels, stage 3 patients, younger, lower income, unemployed, and living in other countries compared to those who were married, more educated, and stages 1 and 2 patients, more aged, more income, employed, and patients in the USA.

Conclusion

The cost-effectiveness of the treatment strategies of BC depends on the continuity of care. However, FT is one of the leading factors causing BC patients to use the required care irregularly, and it has a negative effect on adherence to treatment. So, removing the economic barriers by taking appropriate measures to decrease FT will increase the efficiency of already allocated resources to BC treatments and improve the health outcomes of BC patients.

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Data availability

The data are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Head of Koç University Health Sciences Library (Ertaç Nebioğlu) for his support throughout the literature review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health Management, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Yusuf Çeli̇k

  2. Koç University School of Nursing, Koç University Health Sciences Campus, Istanbul, Turkey

    Sevilay Şenol Çeli̇k, Seda Sarıköse & Hande Nur Arslan

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  2. Sevilay Şenol Çeli̇k
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  3. Seda Sarıköse
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  4. Hande Nur Arslan
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by YÇ, SŞÇ, SS, and HA. The first draft of the manuscript was written by YÇ, SŞÇ, SS, and HA, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Seda Sarıköse.

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This is a systematic review study. The Koç University Human Research Ethics Committee has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Çeli̇k, Y., Çeli̇k, S.Ş., Sarıköse, S. et al. Evaluation of financial toxicity and associated factors in female patients with breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 31, 691 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08172-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08172-w

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