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Endoscopic versus laparoscopic drainage of pseudocyst and walled-off necrosis following acute pancreatitis: a randomized trial

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Abstract

Background

Pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) may develop following acute pancreatitis (AP). Endoscopic and laparoscopic internal drainage are accepted modalities for drainage of PFCs but have not been compared in a randomized trial. Our objective was to compare endoscopic and laparoscopic internal drainage of pseudocyst/walled-off necrosis following AP.

Patients and methods

Patients with symptomatic pseudocysts or walled-off necrosis suitable for laparoscopic and endoscopic transmural internal drainage were randomized to either modality in a randomized controlled trial. Endoscopic drainage comprised of per-oral transluminal cystogastrostomy. Additionally, endoscopic lavage and necrosectomy were done following a step-up approach for infected collections. Surgical laparoscopic cystogastrostomy was done for drainage, lavage, and necrosectomy. Primary outcome was resolution of PFCs by the intended modality and secondary outcome was complications.

Results

Sixty patients were randomized, 30 each to laparoscopic and endoscopic drainage. Both groups were comparable for baseline characteristics. The initial success rate was 83.3% in the laparoscopic and 76.6% in the endoscopic group (p = 0.7) after the index intervention. The overall success rate of 93.3% (28/30) and 90% (27/30) in the laparoscopic and endoscopic groups respectively was also similar (p = 1.0). Two patients in the laparoscopic group required endoscopic cystogastrostomy for persistent collections. Similarly, two patients in the endoscopic group required laparoscopic drainage. Postoperative complications were comparable between the groups except for higher post-procedure infection in the endoscopic group (19 vs. 9; p = 0.01) requiring endoscopic re-intervention.

Conclusions

Endoscopic and laparoscopic techniques have similar efficacy for internal drainage of suitable pancreatic fluid collections with < 30% debris. The choice of procedure should depend on available expertise and patient preference.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Vishnubhatla Sreenivas from the department of Biostatistics at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi for his great help with the statistical analysis.

Funding

The study was supported by a Grant from Indian Council of Medical Research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Pramod Kumar Garg, Rajesh Kumar Padhan & Rajan Dhingra

  2. Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Danishwar Meena, Divya Babu, Asuri Krishna, Subodh Kumar, Mahesh Chandra Misra & Virinder Kumar Bansal

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  1. Pramod Kumar Garg
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  2. Danishwar Meena
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  3. Divya Babu
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  4. Rajesh Kumar Padhan
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  6. Asuri Krishna
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  7. Subodh Kumar
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  8. Mahesh Chandra Misra
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  9. Virinder Kumar Bansal
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Contributions

Study concept and design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, supervision of the study, drafting of the manuscript, critical revision, and final approval of the manuscript: PKG, VKB. Study design, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting of the manuscript, critical revision, and final approval of the manuscript: DM, DB. Acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting of the manuscript, critical revision, and final approval of the manuscript: RP, RD, AK, SK, MCM

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Pramod Kumar Garg or Virinder Kumar Bansal.

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Disclosures

Drs. Pramod Kumar Garg, Danishwar Meena, Divya Babu, Rajesh Kumar Padhan, Rajan Dhingra, Asuri Krishna, Subodh Kumar, Mahesh Chandra Misra, and Virinder Kumar Bansal have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Garg, P.K., Meena, D., Babu, D. et al. Endoscopic versus laparoscopic drainage of pseudocyst and walled-off necrosis following acute pancreatitis: a randomized trial. Surg Endosc 34, 1157–1166 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-019-06866-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-019-06866-z

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