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Prognosis of patients with superficial T1 esophageal cancer who underwent endoscopic resection before esophagectomy—A propensity score-matched comparison

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Abstract

Background

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after non-curative endoscopic resection (ER) followed by esophagectomy (ER + S) with that of patients after primary surgery (PS).

Methods

Between 2000 and 2015, 287 patients had esophagectomy for T1 esophageal cancer. 81 of these patients underwent at least one ER in curative intention before surgery (7 squamous cell carcinomas, 74 adenocarcinomas). Indications for esophagectomy were R1-resection, submucosal infiltration, multifocality, long-segment Barrett esophagus, recurrence, postinterventional stenosis or a combination of these factors. Using propensity-score matching with gender, age, year of diagnosis, tumor localization, mucosal/submucosal infiltration and histology, the clinicopathologic and survival data of these patients were compared to those of 81 patients after PS (median follow-up: 5.5 years).

Results

There were no significant differences between both groups concerning number of resected lymph nodes and percentage of nodal metastasis (9.3% total). 9% of esophagectomy specimens after ER showed pT2/pT3-tumors. The 5-year survival rate was 86% in the PS and 85% in the ER + S group (p = 0.498). The disease-free survival was 85% in patients with ER + S and 98% in PS (p < 0.005). The recurrence rate after esophagectomy was higher after ER + S compared to PS (p = 0.015). More than 3 months time delay between ER and surgery was associated with reduced survival, but only within the first postinterventional year.

Conclusions

As the disease-free survival was inferior in the ER + S compared to the PS group the indication for ER, especially repeated ERs, should be restricted to cases with high expectation of success.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General, Visceral and Cancer Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Patrick Sven Plum, Kristin Pacheco Godoy, Henner Schmidt, Felix Berlth, Seung-Hun Chon, Hakan Alakus & Elfriede Bollschweiler

  2. Center for Esophageal and Gastric Surgery, AGAPLESION Markus Krankenhaus, Wilhelm-Epstein-Straße 4, 60431, Frankfurt, Germany

    Arnulf Heinrich Hölscher

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  1. Patrick Sven Plum
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  2. Arnulf Heinrich Hölscher
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Correspondence to Arnulf Heinrich Hölscher.

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Disclosures

Drs. P.S. Plum, A.H. Hölscher, K. Pacheco Godoy, H. Schmidt, F. Berlth, S.-H. Chon, H. Alakus, and E. Bollschweiler have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Plum, P.S., Hölscher, A.H., Pacheco Godoy, K. et al. Prognosis of patients with superficial T1 esophageal cancer who underwent endoscopic resection before esophagectomy—A propensity score-matched comparison. Surg Endosc 32, 3972–3980 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-6139-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-018-6139-7

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