Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Trends in colorectal cancer admissions and stage at presentation: impact of screening

  • Published:
Surgical Endoscopy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is rising among patients under age 50. As such, we set out to determine the proportion of CRC-related hospital admissions and distribution of colon cancer by stage in different age groups.

Methods

The NIS database for 2002–2012 was used to investigate trends of colorectal cancer resection by age, and the ACS NSQIP database for 2012–2013 was used to investigate contemporary stage at diagnosis for colon cancer in different age groups.

Results

A total of 1,198,421 patients were admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of CRC and captured by the NIS database. Although the number of hospitalized CRC patients decreased from 2002 to 2012, the observed decrease was predominant in patients older than 65 years (P < 0.01) and in colon cancer compared to rectal cancer patients (P < 0.01). The proportion of patients younger than 65 years increased from 32.8 % in 2002 to 41.1 % in 2012, and the proportion of patients under age 50 increased from 9 to 12 %. In the NSQIP database, the age <50 group also had a significantly higher proportion of advanced disease (stage III/IV) compared to patients age 50 and older (62.3 vs. 47.5 %, P < 0.01). In 2012, it was observed that most patients with rectal cancer were younger than 65 years (55.8 %).

Conclusion

There was a steady decrease in the number of hospitalized patients with colorectal cancer during the last decade, primarily attributable to a decrease in the older than 65 years age patients and colon cancer patients. The proportion of hospitalized patients age <50 is rising. In addition, patients younger than 50 years were more likely to have advanced disease compared to older patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Shike M, Winawer SJ, Greenwald PH, Bloch A, Hill MJ, Swaroop SV (1990) Primary prevention of colorectal cancer. The WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. Bull World Health Organ 68(3):377–385

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. American Cancer Society (2014) Cancer facts and figures 2014. American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GQ

  3. Ries LAG, Melbert D, Krapcho M, et al. (2008) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975–2005 (based on November 2007 SEER data submission). National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2005/

  4. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A (2015) Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin 65(1):5–29

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Inadomi JM (2008) Taishotoyama symposium barriers to colorectal cancer screening: economics, capacity and adherence. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 23(Suppl 2):S198–S204

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Jackson-Thompson J, Ahmed F, German RR, Lai SM, Friedman C (2006) Descriptive epidemiology of colorectal cancer in the United States, 1998–2001. Cancer 107(5 Suppl):1103–1111

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Myer PA, Mannalithara A, Singh G, Ladabaum U (2012) Proximal and distal colorectal cancer resection rates in the United States since widespread screening by colonoscopy. Gastroenterology 143(5):1227–1236

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Edwards BK, Ward E, Kohler BA et al (2010) Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975–2006, featuring colorectal cancer trends and impact of interventions (risk factors, screening, and treatment) to reduce future rates. Cancer 116(3):544–573

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  9. Bolin TD (1996) Cost benefit of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl 220:142–146

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Khandker RK, Dulski JD, Kilpatrick JB, Ellis RP, Mitchell JB, Baine WB (2000) A decision model and cost-effectiveness analysis of colorectal cancer screening and surveillance guidelines for average-risk adults. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 16(3):799–810

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Flanagan WM, Le Petit C, Berthelot JM, White KJ, Coombs BA, Jones-McLean E (2003) Potential impact of population-based colorectal cancer screening in Canada. Chronic Dis Can. 24(4):81–88

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Singh KE, Taylor TH, Pan CG, Stamos MJ, Zell JA (2014) Colorectal cancer incidence among young adults in California. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 3(4):176–184

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Austin H, Henley SJ, King J, Richardson LC, Eheman C (2014) Changes in colorectal cancer incidence rates in young and older adults in the United States: what does it tell us about screening. Cancer Causes Control 25(2):191–201

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Bailey CE, Hu CY, You YN et al (2015) Increasing disparities in the age-related incidences of colon and rectal cancers in the United States, 1975–2010. JAMA Surg. 150(1):17–22

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. HCUP Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS). Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 2000–2010. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Rockville, MD. www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp

  16. National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (2005) [home page on the Internet], American College of Surgeons, Chicago, IL. www.acsnsqip.org

  17. Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC et al (eds) (2010) AJCC cancer staging manual, 7th edn. Springer, New York, pp 113–123

    Google Scholar 

  18. Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A (2012) Trends in colorectal cancer incidence rates in the United States by tumor location and stage, 1992–2008. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 21(3):411–416

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. O’Connell JB, Maggard MA, Liu JH, Etzioni DA, Livingston EH, Ko CY (2003) Rates of colon and rectal cancers are increasing in young adults. Am Surg 69(10):866–872

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Schootman M, Lian M, Deshpande AD, McQueen A, Pruitt SL, Jeffe DB (2011) Temporal trends in geographic disparities in small-area-level colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in the United States. Cancer Causes Control 22(8):1173–1181

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. (2008) Screening for colorectal cancer. Recommendation statement, www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org

  22. (CDC) CfDCaP (2011) Vital signs: colorectal cancer screening, incidence, and mortality–United States, 2002–2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 60(26): 884–889

  23. Gupta S, Sussman DA, Doubeni CA et al (2014) Challenges and possible solutions to colorectal cancer screening for the underserved. J Natl Cancer Inst 106(4):dju032

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  24. Larsson SC, Wolk A (2007) Obesity and colon and rectal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 86(3):556–565

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Larsson SC, Orsini N, Wolk A (2005) Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst 97(22):1679–1687

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Chang DT, Pai RK, Rybicki LA et al (2012) Clinicopathologic and molecular features of sporadic early-onset colorectal adenocarcinoma: an adenocarcinoma with frequent signet ring cell differentiation, rectal and sigmoid involvement, and adverse morphologic features. Mod Pathol 25(8):1128–1139

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Keswani SG, Boyle MJ, Maxwell JP et al (2002) Colorectal cancer in patients younger than 40 years of age. Am Surg 68(10):871–876

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Amini AQ, Samo KA, Memon AS (2013) Colorectal cancer in younger population: our experience. J Pak Med Assoc. 63(10):1275–1277

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ahnen DJ, Wade SW, Jones WF et al (2014) The increasing incidence of young-onset colorectal cancer: a call to action. Mayo Clin Proc 89(2):216–224

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. O’Connell JB, Maggard MA, Liu JH, Etzioni DA, Ko CY (2004) Are survival rates different for young and older patients with rectal cancer? Dis Colon Rectum 47(12):2064–2069

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. McKay A, Donaleshen J, Helewa RM et al (2014) Does young age influence the prognosis of colorectal cancer: a population-based analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 12:370

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  32. Shahrudin MD, Noori SM (1997) Cancer of the colon and rectum in the first three decades of life. Hepatogastroenterology 44(14):441–444

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Wu TY, Kao JY, Hsieh HF et al (2010) Effective colorectal cancer education for Asian Americans: a Michigan program. J Cancer Educ 25(2):146–152

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, 333 City Blvd. West Suite 1600, Orange, CA, 92868, USA

    Zhobin Moghadamyeghaneh, Reza Fazl Alizadeh, Joseph C. Carmichael, Steven Mills, Alessio Pigazzi & Michael J. Stamos

  2. Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA

    Michael Phelan

  3. Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, School of Medicine, Orange, CA, USA

    Jason A. Zell

Authors
  1. Zhobin Moghadamyeghaneh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Reza Fazl Alizadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Michael Phelan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Joseph C. Carmichael
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Steven Mills
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Alessio Pigazzi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jason A. Zell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Michael J. Stamos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael J. Stamos.

Ethics declarations

Disclosures

Dr. Stamos has received educational grants and speaker fees paid to the Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, from Ethicon, Gore, Covidien, and Olympus. Dr. Mills and Dr. Carmichael received Ethicon educational grants paid to the Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine. Dr. Pigazzi is a consultant for Intuitive Surgical and has also received consultancy fees and educational grants paid to the Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine. Dr. Moghadamyeghaneh, Dr. Phelan, Dr. Fazl Alizadeh, and Dr. Zen have no disclosures.

Additional information

Abstract was published in the Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) annual meeting, May 29–Jun 2, 2015, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Moghadamyeghaneh, Z., Alizadeh, R.F., Phelan, M. et al. Trends in colorectal cancer admissions and stage at presentation: impact of screening. Surg Endosc 30, 3604–3610 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4662-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-015-4662-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation