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Molecular data reveal hidden diversity of the genus Clinostomum (Digenea, Clinostomidae) in Argentina, with the description of a new species from Ardea cocoi (Ardeidae)

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Abstract

The genus Clinostomum has been recently a subject of a large number of molecular phylogenetic studies that have uncovered a larger species diversity than we thought. In Argentina, only two nominal species have been reported, namely C. detruncatum and C. marginatum. Three putative species represented by metacercariae were recently molecularly diagnosed, and there are at least two additional metacercarial morphotypes diagnosed on morphological grounds. Here, we molecularly characterized specimens of Clinostomum sampled from freshwater fishes and fish-eating birds from Argentina through mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Unexpectedly, the phylogenetic analysis uncovered three new additional genetic lineages, two of them corresponding to metacercarial stages and another matching COI sequences of C. heluans Braun, 1899, being considered conspecific, whereas the others still require formal description. Additionally, we add a new host species for a lineage molecularly diagnosed in a previous study. The adult specimens recovered from A. cocoi in Buenos Aires Province represented a new species clearly distinguished from the two species previously reported in Argentina. Clinostomum detruncatum is distinguished from the new species by possessing a characteristic tenoidean uterus, and testes located more posteriorly. Clinostomum marginatum is morphologically similar but differs from the new species in having rounded ovary, posterior testis lobated, and lateral cirrus-sac and displacing the anterior testis, and vitelline follicles not extending beyond the caeca end. Our study raises the number of Clinostomum species in Argentina up to 10. We describe the new species herein.

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All the material will be deposited in Museums and the sequences deposited on GenBank.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Laura Marote and Marcia Montes for the line drawings; Esp. Sabrina L. Martorelli from Wilmington Plc., London for editing the final version of the manuscript, and the Direction of Fauna of the Buenos Aires; and particularly Monica Rodriguez for the permission to examine the specimen of bird. We also thank H. A. Pinto for providing relevant literature, Marcelo Acosta for the Clinostomum sp. from Santa Fe Province, and Marcos Waldbillig for the Clinostomum metacercariae on P. anisitsi and P. autralis.

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Funding

This work was funded by a research grant (PIP 0015) from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina (CONICET), to S.R.M. and also partially funded by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico (CONACyT No. A1-S-21694), to G.P.P.L.

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  1. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y Vectores, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-Comision de Investigaciones Científicas, La Plata, Argentina

    Martin Miguel Montes, Jorge Barneche, Walter Ferrari & Sergio Roberto Martorelli

  2. División Ornitología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina

    Luis Pagano

  3. Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Mérida (ENES-Mérida), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km. 4.5 carretera Mérida-Tétiz, 97357, Ucú Municipality, Yucatán, Mexico

    Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León

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  1. Martin Miguel Montes
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Correspondence to Martin Miguel Montes.

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Supplementary Information

Supplementary Fig. 1

Entire photo of Clinostomum fergalliarii n. sp. adult from A. cocoi, Magdalena, Buenos Aires province, Argentina. (PNG 942 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 6054 kb)

Supplementary Fig. 2

Detail of the genital opening showing the digitations. (PNG 2621 kb)

High resolution image (TIF 9282 kb)

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Montes, M.M., Barneche, J., Pagano, L. et al. Molecular data reveal hidden diversity of the genus Clinostomum (Digenea, Clinostomidae) in Argentina, with the description of a new species from Ardea cocoi (Ardeidae). Parasitol Res 120, 2779–2791 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-021-07234-4

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