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Larvicidal efficacy of Jatropha curcas and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis, against lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Abstract

The present study explored the effects of Jatropha curcas leaf extract and Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis larvicidal activity against the lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus. Wights were selected for investigating the larvicidal potential against the first to fourth instar larvae of the laboratory-reared mosquito species, C. quinquefasciatus Say, in which the major lymphatic filariasis was used. The medicinal plants were collected from the area around Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. The dried plant materials were powdered by an electric blender. From the powder, 100 g of the plant materials was extracted with 300 ml of organic solvents of methanol for 8 h, using a Soxhlet apparatus, and filtered. The crude plant extracts were evaporated to dryness in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The plant extract showed larvicidal effects after 24 h of exposure; however, the highest larval mortality was found in the leaf extract of methanol J. curcas against the first to fourth instar larvae of values LC50 = 1.200%, 1.290%, 1.358%, and 1.448% and LC90 = 2.094%, 2.323%, 2.444%, and 2.544% and B. thuringiensis israelensis against the first to fourth instar larvae of values LC50 = 9.332%, 9.832%, 10.212%, 10.622% and LC90 = 15.225%, 15.508%, 15.887%, and 15.986% larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. No mortality was observed in the control. These results suggest methanol extracts of J. curcas and B. thuringiensis israelensis have potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the major lymphatic filarial vector, C. quinquefasciatus.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. K. Sasikala (Professor and Head), Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India, for providing the necessary facilities for the experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Entomology, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India

    Kalimuthu Kovendan, Kadarkarai Murugan & Siva Kamalakannan

  2. Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology, DOTE Campus, Guindy, Chennai, 600 025, Tamil Nadu, India

    Savariar Vincent

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  1. Kalimuthu Kovendan
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  2. Kadarkarai Murugan
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  3. Savariar Vincent
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  4. Siva Kamalakannan
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Correspondence to Kalimuthu Kovendan.

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Kovendan, K., Murugan, K., Vincent, S. et al. Larvicidal efficacy of Jatropha curcas and bacterial insecticide, Bacillus thuringiensis, against lymphatic filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitol Res 109, 1251–1257 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2368-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-011-2368-6

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