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Peroxynitrite is essential for aerenchyma formation in rice roots under waterlogging conditions

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Abstract

Main conclusion

In this study, we report that peroxynitrite is necessary for ethylene-mediated aerenchyma formation in rice roots under waterlogging conditions.

Abstract

Plants under waterlogging stress face anoxygenic conditions which reduce their metabolism and induce several adaptations. The formation of aerenchyma is of paramount importance for the survival of plants under waterlogging conditions. Though some studies have shown the involvement of ethylene in aerenchyma formation under waterlogging conditions, the implication of peroxynitrite (ONOO−) in such a developmental process remains elusive. Here, we report an increase in aerenchyma formation in rice roots exposed to waterlogging conditions under which the number of aerenchyma cells and their size was further enhanced in response to exogenous ethephon (a donor of ethylene) or SNP (a donor of nitric oxide) treatment. Application of epicatechin (a peroxynitrite scavenger) to waterlogged plants inhibited the aerenchyma formation, signifying that ONOO− might have a role in aerenchyma formation. Interestingly, epicatechin and ethephon co-treated waterlogged plants were unable to form aerenchyma, indicating the necessity of ONOO− in ethylene-mediated aerenchyma formation under waterlogging conditions. Taken together, our results highlight the role of ONOO− in ethylene-mediated aerenchyma formation in rice and could be used in the future to develop waterlogging stress-tolerant varieties of rice.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

Abbreviations

Epi:

Epicatechin

Et:

Ethephon

Fv/Fm:

Maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II

GSNOR:

S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase

NO:

Nitric oxide

NOS-like activity:

Nitric oxide synthase-like activity

ONOO− :

Peroxynitrite

GSNO:

S-Nitrosoglutathione

SNP:

Sodium nitroprusside

WL:

Waterlogging conditions

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the UGC for financial assistance to carry out this work.

Funding

The authors are thankful to the UGC for financial assistance to carry out this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002, India

    Pooja Singh, Saumya Jaiswal, Ajayraj Kushwaha, Priya Gahlowt, Vipul Mishra & Vijay Pratap Singh

  2. Crop Nanobiology and Molecular Stress Physiology Lab Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, India

    Durgesh Kumar Tripathi

  3. Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, 208001, India

    Surendra Pratap Singh

  4. College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, South Korea

    Ravi Gupta

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  1. Pooja Singh
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Correspondence to Vijay Pratap Singh.

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Singh, P., Jaiswal, S., Kushwaha, A. et al. Peroxynitrite is essential for aerenchyma formation in rice roots under waterlogging conditions. Planta 258, 2 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-023-04148-6

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