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Deposition patterns of feruloylarabinoxylan during cell wall formation in moso bamboo

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Abstract

Main conclusion

The feruloylarabinoxylan deposition was initiated at the formation of the secondary cell wall, especially S2 layer in moso bamboo, which may affect crosslinking between cell wall components and plant growth.

Abstract

Hemicelluloses, major components of plant cell walls that are hydrogen bonded to cellulose and covalently bound to lignin, are crucial determinants of cell wall properties. Especially in commelinid monocotyledons, arabinoxylan is often esterified with ferulic acid, which is essential to crosslinking with cell wall components. However, the deposition patterns and localization of ferulic acid during cell wall formation remain unclear. In this study, developing moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) culms were used to elucidate deposition patterns of hemicelluloses including feruloylarabinoxylan. Ferulic acid content peaked with cessation of elongation growth, and thereafter decreased and remained stable as culm development proceeded. During primary cell wall (PCW) formation, xyloglucan and (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan signals were detected in all tissues. Along with culm development, arabinoxylan and feruloylarabinoxylan signals were sequentially observed in the protoxylem, vascular fibers and metaxylem, and parenchyma. Feruloylarabinoxylan signals were observed slightly later than arabinoxylan signals. Arabinoxylan signals were observed throughout the compound middle lamella and secondary cell wall (SCW), whereas the feruloylarabinoxylan signal was localized to the S2 layer of the SCW. These results indicate that the biosynthesis of hemicelluloses is regulated in accordance with cell wall layers. Feruloylarabinoxylan deposition may be initiated at the formation of SCW, especially S2 layer formation. Ferulic acid-mediated linkages of arabinoxylan-arabinoxylan and arabinoxylan-lignin would arise during SCW formation with the cessation of elongation growth.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and Supplementary Information files.

Abbreviations

CML:

Compound middle lamella

PCW:

Primary cell wall

SCW:

Secondary cell wall

S1 layer:

Outer layer of the secondary cell wall

S2 layer:

Middle layer of the secondary cell wall

UDP-Araf-FA:

UDP-feruloylarabinofuranose

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge Mr. Ken-ichi Matsuda for providing the bamboo samples; Dr. Kentaro Sakai, University of Miyazaki, for supporting ultramicrotome sectioning; and Dr. Takuya Tetsumura, University of Miyazaki, for supporting the cryosectioning. Transmission electron microscopy and a part of examination by fluorescence microscopy were conducted at the Frontier Science Center, University of Miyazaki. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (Grant Nos. 15H02454 (KT), 20H03049 (TT)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan

    Noriaki Munekata, Taku Tsuyama, Ichiro Kamei & Yoshio Kijidani

  2. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Keiji Takabe

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  1. Noriaki Munekata
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Correspondence to Taku Tsuyama.

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Munekata, N., Tsuyama, T., Kamei, I. et al. Deposition patterns of feruloylarabinoxylan during cell wall formation in moso bamboo. Planta 256, 59 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03970-8

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