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Growth promotion and inhibition of the Amazonian wild rice species Oryza grandiglumis to survive flooding

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Abstract

In Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa), distinct mechanisms to survive flooding are activated in two groups of varieties. Submergence-tolerant rice varieties possessing the SUBMERGENCE1A (SUB1A) gene display reduced growth during flash floods at the seedling stage and resume growth after the flood recedes, whereas deepwater rice varieties possessing the SNORKEL1 (SK1) and SNORKEL2 (SK2) genes display enhanced growth based on internodal elongation during prolonged submergence at the mature stage. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of these growth responses to submergence in the wild rice species Oryza grandiglumis, which is native to the Amazon floodplains. When subjected to gradual submergence, adult plants of O. grandiglumis accessions showed enhanced internodal elongation with rising water level and their growth response closely resembled that of deepwater varieties of O. sativa with high floating capacity. On the other hand, when subjected to complete submergence, seedlings of O. grandiglumis accessions displayed reduced shoot growth and resumed normal growth after desubmergence, similar to the response of submergence-tolerant varieties of O. sativa. Neither SUB1A nor the SK genes were detected in the O. grandiglumis accessions. These results indicate that the O. grandiglumis accessions are capable of adapting successfully to flooding by activating two contrasting mechanisms as the situation demands and that each mechanism of adaptation to flooding is not mediated by SUB1A or the SK genes.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

ERF:

Ethylene response factor

FR13A:

Flood Resistant 13A

GA:

Gibberellin

HA II:

Habiganj Aman II

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus

SUB1:

SUBMERGENCE1

SK1:

SNORKEL1

SK2:

SNORKEL2

TN1:

Taichung Native 1

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr N. Mori (Kobe University, Japan) for providing seeds of FR13A. This work was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI (24580022 to T.A.).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Author notes

  1. Takuma Okishio

    Present address: Leaf Tobacco Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., Idei, Oyama, 323-0808, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan

    Takuma Okishio, Daisuke Sasayama, Kazuyuki Itoh & Tetsushi Azuma

  2. Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Meijo University, Tenpaku-ku, Nagoya, 468-8502, Japan

    Tatsuya Hirano

  3. School of Agriculture, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan

    Masahiro Akimoto

Authors
  1. Takuma Okishio
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  4. Masahiro Akimoto
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  5. Kazuyuki Itoh
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Correspondence to Tetsushi Azuma.

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Okishio, T., Sasayama, D., Hirano, T. et al. Growth promotion and inhibition of the Amazonian wild rice species Oryza grandiglumis to survive flooding. Planta 240, 459–469 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2100-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2100-8

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